Plastering styles and services
Plaster has a lifespan as long as the Egyptian pyramids, maybe even longer. The technique and art that is now in the form of building plastering has been used in a special way in different parts of the world. Plaster is highly malleable, it has good adhesion, its color is excellent for construction work, it is available, it is not cheap and... that is why the plastering of the building has never faded, but it is always evolving along with other new materials. is.
What is plaster?
As one of the branches of architecture, plastering is the art of cutting, carving and drawing on plaster. As you have seen many times around, this art can be applied almost anywhere and doubles its beauty. Plastering the ceiling and around the chandelier, walls, columns, around the fireplace, etc. is among the most common plastering. It is interesting to know that in ancient Iran, plastering was usually considered an aristocratic art, and it was mostly performed in the homes of the rich. Because of the devotion of that time to religious places, mosques were also decorated with this art.
What is a plaster tool?
The plastering of the building has simple and clean tools, just like the nature of this art. However, using them requires training and expertise.
Chisel: Chisel is a sharp and sharp tool used to cut plaster. Using some manual plastering tools is a specialized job, and the trowel is one of them. The skill of using this tool determines the final beauty of the design and role.
Vardangi: It is a type of pen that is used to draw a line on the plaster of the ceiling, etc. After drawing a line on the plaster with a trowel, it can be easily cut.
Bomgerd pen: Bomgerd pen is a tool for drawing on building plaster, and with it you can create rounded edges and spoons on plaster.
Throat: This tool is very useful in modern and classic styles. A throat is used more in the edges of the wall, corners and angles, and it prevents them from cracking.
Mouse teeth (Congress): Mouse teeth are small, regular and uniform designs that are usually used in the plastering of buildings to decorate the border.
Frame: The use of ready-made frames in interior decoration is very common, and it can be installed on walls, entrances and ceilings.
Kerbel (Beak): This device is used to decorate the capitals and niche stucco.
Sweeper: Sweeper is used to clean the work area and plastering canvas of the building.
A variety of style plastering
Classic or traditional plaster
This style is full of patterns and colors. The most luxurious ceilings have classic stucco with the brightest chandeliers and chandeliers. In addition to many details, the use of bright colors such as gold, red, green, etc. is also one of the foundations of this stunning style; As if trying to be reminiscent of a garden. Because of the elegance we are talking about, classical plastering, if it is to be done manually by a master craftsman, will be very expensive. Of course, we don't mean that you should put a restriction on plastering the building in this style. The traditional plastering itself also has various styles and methods for execution that solve this problem. Finally, if the cost still seems high, you can go for prefabricated samples that are unique in variety.
Mosaic plaster
In this style, before the colored plaster mortar hardens, it is cut to the desired shape. Then the parts are placed together, and plaster mortar is poured behind it to make it uniform. Finally, the part is glued to the desired place with grout. An example of the stucco of the building in this style is available in the imamzadeh of Mashhad, Ardahal, Kashan, and the mihrab of the Saveh Square mosque.
Layered plaster
Here, the plasterer draws a layer of dead plaster in the place that is underlaid with plaster, and in the same way, he draws the next layers on top of it. Plastering the building in this way is used when we want the result to be multi-colored. Because when the execution of the layers (one color each) is finished, the plasterer cuts it so that the final design is so-called "out".
Plastering Seeds for (Seat King)
This style has a very, very important prerequisite: soft white plaster. The plastering of the building in this way is very beautiful, and the patterns and colors created with it have good durability. For work, sieved plaster is mixed with water to obtain a soft and uniform paste. This paste is the basis of seed cutting and is applied to the wall to make it smooth and uniform.
Plachmut (stain)
The classic plasterwork of the Qajar era (especially the Naseri era) is of the same style; Like examples of Badgir Palace in Tehran or Almas Palace. The origin of this style is the plaster of the western building. As a result, its designs are not Iranian and are very prominent.
Hedgae
Ehashte or Barheshta means protruding and prominent. Therefore, plaster casts of this style are far from the context. This style belongs to pre-Islam, and its finest examples can be seen in the works of the Razi and Azari periods, such as the Al-Jayto altar of Isfahan Jame Mosque.
Modern plastering
In most of today's projects, plastering of the building is done in a modern style. This approach does not have traditional Iranian flowers and chickens. Instead, modern stucco has only smooth and curved lines, which ultimately leads to simple but extremely stylish designs. Unlike classical style building stucco, modern style is functional as well as beautiful. For example, it can be used to cover and hide desired spaces. Also, modern stucco can be combined with lighting. Its cost is lower and it is implemented faster.
Modern plastering is implemented in two forms:
During the construction or renovation of walls and ceilings
by installing prefabricated plaster parts; These parts are available in the market. You just have to choose the desired model and size and then install them.
What are the methods of implementing plaster work?
plastering of the building It is done in two ways: manually or with prefabricated parts.
Manual plastering
In this method, the plasterer combines a precise amount of plaster and water. Then, he forms the main skeleton of the work using this flexible dough and his hands. After that, he shapes the plaster using plastering tools (which we have introduced below).
The quality of raw materials and of course the speed and skill of the plasterer are very important here. Because if the plaster hardens, it can no longer be worked well. As we said above, plastering the building in this way is expensive and takes more time. But the final result of handwork will be a real and very valuable work of art.
Prefabricated plaster
Building plastering, there are two products that plasterers use a lot: polyurethane and polystyrene. These two are used in prefabricated plaster and not the manual techniques of this art. You may have heard the name of polyurethane plaster. These prefabricated parts are made of gypsum, polyurethane and compressed polystyrene foam, which are made in special molds. has a lot Polystyrene is also a polymer product that is used in making plasterboards due to its low weight and insulation against moisture, heat and sound.