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An inadequate sump pump can reduce water pressure or fail right at the height of the irrigation season. To choose the best submersible pump for irrigation of fields and gardens, determine the water depth, transfer height, required flow rate and the type of irrigation network before paying attention to the price or motor power. Choosing based on these four factors reduces the possibility of buying a low-capacity or high-consumption device.
What are the characteristics of the best submersible pump for irrigation of fields and gardens?
The best sump pump is a model that provides enough flow and suitable head at the required working point of the farm and is compatible with electricity, well diameter and water quality. The number of "maximum head" or "maximum drainage" alone is not a selection criterion; The actual performance of the pump should be measured according to its specification curve and installation conditions.
Note this information before purchasing:
- Well depth and water level during pumping: The water level during operation may be lower than the static level.
- Transfer height: Measure the difference in height between the water level during pumping and the discharge point.
- Pipe length and diameter: A narrow or long pipe causes a greater pressure drop.
- Required watering: Amount of water required per hour coordinate with the irrigation method and schedule.
- Electricity specifications: Check whether the local electricity is single-phase or three-phase and the voltage stability.
- Water quality: The presence of sand, sand or suspended particles can change the choice of pump type and the need for filter.
Measure the pump head against the actual conditions of the well
Head is the height to which the pump can raise the water up to that point; But the required head is not just the vertical height difference. The pressure drop caused by the length of the pipe, elbows, valves, filters and irrigation equipment should also be included in the calculation.
To get a rough estimate, add the vertical height of the transfer to the drop of the pipe path. Then ask the dealer to check the pump performance curve on the same head. A pump that has a high maximum head does not necessarily provide adequate water flow at that point.
Select the flow rate based on the irrigation method
Flow rate is the volume of water that the pump moves per unit of time and is usually expressed in liters per minute or cubic meters per hour. If the flow rate of the pump is not compatible with the capacity of the pipes, filter and irrigation network, the pressure of the network may become inappropriate or a part of the land may not be irrigated properly.
To calculate the requirement, determine the number of sprinklers or drippers that are activated at the same time and compare their total consumption with the actual capacity of the pump at the working head. In drip irrigation, in addition to providing the flow rate, the pump must also provide the required pressure of the network and filters.
Comparison of common submersible pump options for agriculture
The right type of pump depends on the depth of the well, required irrigation, water quality and access to electricity. Check the exact specifications of each model from the manufacturer's catalog, as the head and flow ranges differ between models and brands.
single-phase or three-phase pump; Which one is more suitable?
The single-phase pump is usually used for places where three-phase electricity is not available and water needs are more limited. A three-phase pump is common in larger projects, but its selection requires proper electricity, protective equipment, and basic installation.
skimmer or float; What is the difference in application?
The submersible pump is usually used to transfer water from a well, tank or pond and should be selected according to the water level and installation conditions. The well submersible pump is also designed for wells with specific diameter and depth; Before choosing, match the inner diameter of the well, the diameter of the pump and the limitations of the installation.
Selection criteria | Option or status | Useful tip |
Local electricity | single phase | for places that do not have three-phase electricity; Check the capacity of the model at the actual head |
Local power | Three-phase | For applications tailored to the model and power grid; Proper signage and protection is essential |
Type of water | Relatively clean water | Foam should be selected according to the amount of particles and the allowed particle passage |
The depth and diameter of the well | There are installation restrictions | Check the diameter of the pump and enough space for passage and cooling |
Irrigation method | Drip or rain | Calculate the required flow and pressure of the network, filter and equipment |
Transmission path | Long or with differences Height | Add pipe and fitting pressure drop to required head |
Practical experience, important points and common mistakes
Most buying and installation errors come from choosing a pump based on an advertising number or ignoring the actual conditions of the well. By recording the route specifications and following the manufacturer's instructions, you can reduce the possibility of water loss, overheating of the engine and premature failure.
Check these before launching:
- Measure the water level while pumping. Fixed depth of the well does not indicate the actual water level during operation.
- Record the diameter and length of the pipe. A narrow, long or bumpy path will increase the pressure drop.
- Install a suitable electrical protector. The protection should be compatible with the motor type and electrical specifications of the pump.
- Avoid dry running of the pump. Install below the permitted water level and, if necessary, use the cut-off system according to the model.
- Keep the pump inlet away from sediment and coarse particles.
- The strainer is only useful when it is compatible with the pump design and its clogging is checked.
- Pay attention to the condition of the cable and connections. Install according to the manufacturer's instructions. The installation method, allowed depth and cooling conditions are not the same in different models.
When low pump flow does not mean failure?
Decreased water flow is not always a sign of engine failure and sometimes it is due to clogging of the strainer, drop in water level, pipe leakage or increase in pressure drop. Before replacing the pump, check the outlet path, connections, water level and filter and measure the result with the functional specifications of the device.
Why does the skimmer pump have little drainage?
Inlet or pipe clogging, water level drop, route leakage and inappropriate head selection are common causes. Check these items and if the problem persists, send the device to the service worker according to the manufacturer's instructions.
