A combine is made up of many components: gears, blades, augers (spirals that move the harvested crops to other parts of the machine), conveyors, belts, levers and wheels. In a very simple way and by ignoring the more complicated parts, the way the combine works is as follows:
▪️ Grain clusters are collected by the nose, which is located in the front part of the combine and has a pair of sharp rakes called separators. In general, the wider the nose, the faster and more efficiently the harvester can harvest crops. Different noses are used to harvest different grains; The nose is usually hydraulic and has the ability to move up and down at different angles. To pass through narrow paths, the nose can be opened from the front of the car and connected to the back of the combine from the width and towed. finger or comb) pushes the product towards the cutting blades. The carousel is equipped with horizontal bars called butt or paddle and vertical teeth or forks to hold the product stems firmly.
slow Its teeth (sometimes called reaper fingers) open and close and cut the stem of the crop, a bit like a large electric weeder that sweeps the ground.
▪️ behind the cutting shoulder, with spiral or helix rotation, the cut product is directed to the central part of the combine and then they are transferred to the heart of the combine for processing by means of a feeding conveyor.
▪️ a product crushing cylinder It beats the cut so that the seeds are separated from the stem.
▪️ The seeds pass through the sieve and fall into the seed tank located under the sieve.
▪️ Non-edible parts The product (stalks and husks) are taken to the back of the machine by means of conveyors called straw cleaners. The remaining seeds are poured into the tank.
▪️ When the seed tank is full, a tractor with a trailer attached to it stops next to the combine. The seeds are poured by the elevator from the tank into a pipe (sometimes it was called the discharge pipe) that goes from the combine to the trailer. . Some combines have a rotary spreader mechanism that spreads the straw evenly over a wide area. Sometimes the straw is baled by a baler and used to cover the floor of the barn.
Unloading the grain compartment of a combine to the trailer attached to the tractor. The nose of the combine (cutting blade) is raised so that the combine driver can move around the parked trailer and fill it evenly. If you look closely at the nose, you can see the carousel (black) and the cutting edge (green) underneath.
Combine car components
The diagram below shows the harvesting machine of John Deere's invention, which was patented under the title of "harvesting combine with a modified feeding chamber" and in which 130 different parts of the combine machine are named. Of course, we will not go into all the details mentioned in this plan (if you want, study the plan in more detail) and we will only mention the parts that have been explained before:
▪️ 40: Carousel (not shown but its location is indicated by the purple circle) which is held in place by the carousel arms (48).
▪️ 50: Cut shoulder (lower part, blue)
▪️ 80: Hammering cylinder (red)
▪️ 30/90 conveyor belts and spirals that are responsible for transferring the product between different parts of the machine.
▪️ 42: Hydraulic levers (down, gray) that move the nose up and down.
▪️ 28: Sieves (purple) that clean the seeds
▪️ 100: straw cleaners (blue)
▪️ 18: Seed tank (orange)
▪️ 36: drain pipe (dark green)
▪️ 19: The engine (red) is located behind the driver. Power transmission shaft (blue, 102) that delivers power to all parts of the car.
▪️ 14: The front wheels (light gray) are fixed and cannot be steered. The rear wheels (15) can be steered and are controlled by the steering wheel.