These buildings have very high resistance due to their low weight and the way of connecting the components to each other, which acts like a sewn box. Also, the high damping coefficient of wood in reducing energy and reducing the weight of the building by about 7 to 10 times has optimized this kind of buildings against natural disasters.
Types of building frames in wooden structures or huts
made For this reason, it is a good system for earthquake-prone areas.
Sloped roofs in wooden structures (wooden huts)
In wooden cottages for gardens and villas, which are usually built with a sloping roof, there is a need to create a seam between the roof trusses and the walls. An important point in the construction of the cottage roofs. is to connect them in a way that fits perfectly with the walls and the walls with the foundation so that there is no problem in the transfer of forces. Another important point that must be taken into account for the construction of these types of buildings is that the components are placed next to each other in such a way that air sealing between them is done easily. In general, if one of the three factors of oxygen, fire and moisture can be kept away from the wood, one can expect a relatively long life from these huts. For example, there are 980-year-old wooden structures in Sweden, or the remains of a 2000-year-old wooden ship in Greece.
The foundation of wooden huts in the garden and villa
The foundations of these huts must be protected from moisture and water penetration, especially in gardens and villas, and in addition, insects must be prevented from penetrating them. In the old days, the walls were directly connected to the ground through wooden coils, but now it is recommended that this connection is not direct and at least 30 cm away from the floor of the garden or villa.
Walls and dividers
In these buildings, external walls and sometimes internal walls act as load-bearing and they can be built by placing wooden poles (masters or wadars). . Gypsum boards are usually used in the inner lining due to their good resistance to fire. And in the facade, materials such as bricks and stones or materials suitable for the construction area are used. Internal separators are also usually used in prefabricated form, and in both types of prefabricated and on-site construction, the facilities pass through it and are usually covered with stone wool and then plaster panels.
Mechanical and electrical facilities
In wooden buildings (wooden huts), the installations completely pass through the walls and ceilings, and of course there is no need for false ceilings in these buildings. The use of earth wire is mandatory in these types of buildings, and as a result, there must be an earth well for them. Also, the electrical cables of the building must be protected inside metal shields or special containers that can be pierced by nails or other sharp objects.
Resistance against fire
As it was said before, wooden structures have little resistance against fire, that's why we cover their top with plaster panels. Because gypsum contains about 20% water with crystallization. You can also use cover insulation to protect wood. It may be interesting to know that thick wooden beams are more resistant to fire than steel beams. And the reason is the formation of a charcoal-shaped layer on the surface of the wood, which greatly slows down the speed of fire penetration through insulation.