Types of stone crushing machines (3 types)

What is a Crusher?

The machines that are used in the processing of minerals to crush the raw materials extracted from the mine are called stone crushers. The stone crushers crush the raw materials extracted from the mine to reach the required dimensions.

Types of machines

Crushing machines for the purpose of preparing aggregates, including sand and gravel in the required sizes, especially in the preparation of concrete aggregates and other cases that require aggregates in granulation ranges, such as road pavement and asphalt layers. It is used.

The different components of the stone crusher plant vary according to the size and type of the plant, but generally they are placed according to the following order: - Coarse filter where the primary raw materials are fed into the crusher after passing over it. This conveyor consists of a set of parallel bars, through which small materials that do not need to be crushed first fall, thus preventing the unnecessary erosion of the crusher. The small material falls directly onto the primary conveyor which carries the crushed product of the first crusher. - The warehouse system, which consists of a set of containers under the silos with a series of conveyors that transport the granulated materials to the warehouse. - The primary stone crusher, which has the task of crushing raw materials into coarse aggregates. - Primary feeder on which raw materials are poured. This feeder can be a simple hopper or a chute with a heavy duty conveyor. The purpose of this feeder is to regularly deliver the material to the primary crusher. - Separating filter that separates materials into two categories "acceptable" and "oversized". The second material goes to the secondary crusher, while the acceptable material goes directly to the primary crushers. - The secondary crusher that converts larger materials into acceptable sizes. - Secondary conveyor belt (elevator) that transports the re-shredded product (and in some cases the acceptable material of the separating sieve) to the main sieves. - The main mills that divide all the materials into certain grades before being stored. If the aggregates need to be washed, this is done in this place. - The primary conveyor (elevator) that transports the crushed material to the separator, this belt passes under a magnet to separate the bits of steel drill, screw or pieces of iron that damage the secondary crusher. . - If the production of sand is also considered, the suitable materials are transferred from the mills to the sand making machine to be granulated again by further crushing.

The early crusher

- Hammer

- Jaw

- Rotary

Secondary crusher

- conical

- roller

- hammer mill

Third stage crusher

- roller

- rod mill

- ball mill

Jaw Crusher

This device is very common as a primary stone crusher. This device works by allowing stones to enter the gap between the jaws, one of which is fixed and the other is movable. Under the effect of their weight and the movement of the jaws, the stones are broken and come out from the bottom of the device. The plates of the two jaws, which are made of manganese steel, can be replaced and in some cases reversed. The jaws may be flat, or in some cases when the stone is broken into slabs, they are chosen to be curved. These congresses prevent the rocks from breaking into slabs and break them in a multi-faceted manner, and the result will be in the form of crushed stones. that each grain has more proportional dimensions. Movable jaws may be straight or curved to reduce the risk of orifice clogging. These types of stone crushers are frequently used in portable stone crusher workshops. Because it is small and light and at the same time it is larger than the biggest stone on all sides, inside which the distance of the opening of the jaws at the top of the device should be 2.54. Because the settlement distance may be based on the closed or open state of the movable jaw in its lower part, each capacity determination table must specify the type of jaw settlement distance. Usually, in most cases, the closed state is used.

Kobit Crusher

Another widely used industrial stone crushing device is Cubit cushion stone, which is also known as an impact crusher.

The process of crushing stones in this device is done with the help of incoming blows from the side of hammers. and that is why they have given it the name of qubit crusher. The crushed stones by the jaw crusher are sent to the qubit crusher to reduce their size. After entering the qubit, the stones collide with hammers, which, in addition to reducing the size of minerals, throw them towards the machine's anvil. Inside the anvil of the Qubit stone crusher, hammers and clamps are installed, which crush the stones when they are hit and continue to do so until the stones reach the set size. Due to its high capacity and considerable power, Qubit crusher is very popular in various industries and its maintenance costs are lower than other crushers.

Hammer

Hammer stone crusher is one of the types of qubit, which is usually used as a secondary stone crusher. The crushing process in this type of stone breakers is done with the rotation of the hammers in the machine and hitting the stones on the anvil. In fact, crushing is done by repeatedly hitting the hammer and particles hitting each other and hitting the wall of the chamber.

In the mining and mosaic industries, for crushing minerals and stones with dimensions less than 200 to 400 mm and Converting them into sand and gravel is done using a hammer. Stones such as plaster, salt, lime and building stones are easily crushed with this tool. These devices are also available in small and portable sizes.

A shot crusher with a vertical shaft

This device is one type of impact that has a large size. PLC crusher is usually used in the powdering process of mineral products. Materials such as metallic and non-metallic stones, refractory materials, aluminum hydroxide with iron, diamond dust, glass raw materials, artificial sand and all All kinds of mineral stones, due to the special circular system of this device, a closed circular circulation path is formed, and the materials are crushed into 20 pieces with three circulations. Also, the ability to automatically circulate the air flow in the device chamber completely eliminates pollution and dust. Simple and low-cost structure, high efficiency and low energy consumption, high crushing capacity, ability to crush hard materials, low noise and no pollution are the advantages of these crushers.

Springs

The spring cone crusher equipment includes: body, transmission tool, centrifugal hollow shaft, cup-like bearing, cone-shaped crushing chamber, spring and hydraulic pressure center to adjust the discharge valve. During the operation of this machine, The protective motor of the device moves the centrifugal shaft to rotate around the horizontal axis and a pair of diagonal gears.

The conical axis of the PY crusher oscillates with the protective force of the centrifugal shaft. In this way, the surface of the crusher wall approaches the roller wall step by step with the help of the spring. In fact, in this method, the stones are first pressed, then bent and crushed. This crusher is mainly used in the chemical industry (especially for phosphate rocks) and road and building construction. PY series are suitable for crushing very hard and medium stones such as iron ore, copper ore, limestone, quartz, etc. You can see an example of this device in the figure below.