Direct export of oranges and tangerines from gardeners in Mazandaran

Direct export of oranges and tangerines from Mazandaran gardeners is a process that directly links businessmen and trading companies to production sources, reduces intermediary overhead costs by 30% and preserves the freshness of the goods to the entry points of Russia, Iraq and Persian Gulf countries. In this mechanism, citrus fruits go through the steps of washing, permitted fungicide, edible wax, mechanized sizing and standard palletizing immediately after harvesting from the garden and are sent to the border customs with a cold chain. As the direct operator of this supply network, Khan Farut manages sorting, packaging and logistics operations from the heart of Mazandaran gardens to the stage of loading refrigerated containers.

Calendar of harvesting and sourcing of citrus fruits in Mazandaran garden centers

Successful supply of citrus fruit for foreign markets is completely dependent on the climate and exact timing of harvesting in different regions of Mazandaran. Our field experience shows that early tangerine cultivars, especially Ivashaki and Anshu tangerines, reach balanced sugar and acidity for export from the end of September to the end of November in the geographical area of ​​Sari, Joibar and Miandorood. Late shipping of these cultivars causes puffiness of fruit flesh and acid loss during long transportation.

From December, the focus of sorting lines will shift to Thomson Novel oranges in Qaymshahr, Babol and Tenkabon areas. In the orchards of the central plain of Mazandaran, the fruits have a smoother skin, juicier and higher tonnage, while the citrus fruits of the western foothills of the province offer a thicker skin and a higher storage capacity for distant destinations such as Astrakhan and St. Petersburg due to the difference in day and night temperatures. Signing a direct contract before harvesting with selected gardeners allows for the separation of garden parts with basic nutrition of calcium and potassium, which maximizes the resistance of the fruit tissue in the face of the pressures of container transportation.

Soil analysis and laboratory tests before loading

The professional supplier measures Brix parameters and sugar to acid ratio (TSS/TA) in a dedicated laboratory before the box enters the sorting line. Shipments to Russia must be BRICS above 9 and without any residual effects of illegal poisons, otherwise it will be returned to the border quarantine of Dagestan.

Operational protocols of export sorting, waxing and palletizing

A major part of cargo loss in the traditional export process is rooted in manual sorting and improper maintenance. In the mechanized lines of Khan Fruit, the incoming load is first immersed in 50-degree hot water pools with biological systemic fungicides to inactivate hidden spores of green and blue mold (Penicillium) before reproduction. Then the fruits are dried under cold wind and a thin layer of natural edible carnauba wax is placed on them to stabilize the moisture and prevent the skin from wrinkling.

Sizing is calibrated by optical sorters based on weight and diameter. For Thomson oranges, diameters between 70 and 85 mm (weight 200 to 300 grams) and for tangerines, diameters between 60 and 75 mm are separated. The use of 5-layer anti-moisture cartons with an anti-salt coating (heavy kraft) prevents the packages from collapsing when faced with the coldness of transit. After weighing, each carton is placed on standard 100 x 120 cm pallets, cornered with plastic and wrapped with a resistant stretch film to prevent any shifting due to gravity during frequent road braking.

Cold chain management and container transit routes from the north

Constant cooling is the Achilles heel of the orange and tangerine business. Thomson oranges require a storage temperature of 4 to 6 degrees Celsius and a relative humidity of 85 to 90 percent, while ancho mandarins should be transported at 3 to 5 degrees Celsius with uniform air circulation. The shocking discharge of heat from the fruit core in pre-cooling rooms is required before loading into the refrigerated container; Refrigerated containers are only able to maintain the existing temperature and are not designed to lower the initial temperature of the garden load.

In exporting to Russia, the land route through the border of Astara to the Republic of Azerbaijan and then the Russian Federation is carried out within 3 to 5 days, while in the sea route from Amirabad port to Astrakhan port, observing the cryogenic stability of the ship's generators is a vital factor. On the other hand, Iraqi destinations are transited through Khosravi or Parviz Khan crossings, which, due to the tropical climate of the route, require standard double-walled containers and coordination of quick clearance without wasting time at the destination customs.

The economic model of buying directly from Baghdar against brokerage networks

The presence of multiple middlemen in the traditional citrus markets, in addition to falsely increasing the final price, greatly increases the risk of combining different quality loads in one shipment. Dealers usually combine fruits from several different orchards with different ages and heterogeneous fertilizer regimes, which leads to texture heterogeneity, flavor fluctuation and increased percentage of premature failure at destination.

Khan Fruit's non-intermediary sourcing approach ensures pricing transparency at the source and directs merchant capital to quality control, sorting hygiene and premium packaging materials. By directly paying the real cost of the product, merchants find the possibility of agreeing on pure grades (Grade AAA); This will promote the exporter's brand in the chain stores of buyer countries and the stability of seasonal orders.

Compliance requirements with plant quarantine laws and customs regulations

Each export market applies unique health and quarantine rules, failure to master them will lead to seizure of the cargo at the point of entry. The Russian Federation, through the Rosselkhoznadzor organization, has a strict sensitivity to the absence of the Mediterranean fly (Ceratitis capitata) and the residue of organophosphorus toxins. Obtaining a quarantine health certificate from Mazandaran Agricultural Jihad requires inspectors to visit the orchards of origin, Surat halls and monitor pheromone traps.

In addition, the correct loading of export documents, including the Certificate of Origin Inspection (COI), accurate packing list based on the number of boxes and net and gross weight, certificate of origin from the Chamber of Commerce and the correct adjustment of the export quota in the comprehensive system of customs affairs (EPL), guarantee the clearance without cargo delay. By establishing pre-customs checklists, Khan Fruit completes all health tests and documents before sealing the container in the cold room.

Table of technical specifications and export standards