The simplest thing that probably all of us know about driving since childhood is that the steering wheel is the vehicle's steering tool. But in order for the driver to be able to use the steering wheel, actually the wheel that we see in the cabin, to control and guide the car's path, it requires the cooperation of various components of a large system that we do not see. This system is called the car steering system.
This system, while transferring the steering wheel rotation force, also transfers its movement direction to the wheels and thus determines the direction of the car. The steering system, like other technical parts of the car, has made a lot of progress and its components have changed a lot. One of the main components of the steering system is the steering box, on which the majority of the system's diversity depends. In fact, it is the type of command box that determines the type of this system.
Duties of the steering box in the car
This part of the steering system, which is considered the most important part, while transferring the torque of the driver's hand to the wheels, also performs the process of increasing this torque. The steering box is connected to the car's room and transmits the torque and revolutions of the steering wheel to the dog hand through the joints and rods of the steering system. This part of the steering system has different types and each type consists of special components. But the functions of the command box are the same for all its types and do not change. These tasks include the following:
- Increasing the torque and reducing the rotational movement and displacement of the driver's hand
- Changing the steering wheel's rotational plane to the mechanical steering wheel plane
< br>- Converting the rotating and rotating movement of the wheel into the linear movement of the steering lever
The diversity of the steering box has a significant impact on the quality of these tasks. The higher the service quality of the steering box, the easier and smoother the steering control for the driver. But at the same time, the working principle of all types of steering box is similar. In this way, when the driver turns the steering wheel, this torque and rotational movement is transferred to the steering box. The steering box converts the rotational movement of the wheel into a linear movement and transfers it to the hand dog through the steering rod or jacks of the left and right hands. The hand dog rotates in or out on the rails and this movement causes the wheels to turn to the left or right.
Types of steering boxes
⚜️ mechanical steering box
This type of steering box, which has the simplest system and was used in the past, increases the torque of the driver's hand and transfers it to the wheels. only by a set of gears and arms. In steering systems equipped with a mechanical steering box, the only energy source of the system is the driver's hand force. This, of course, creates fatigue for the driver due to spending a lot of power to control and move the steering wheel. Hydraulic or electric forces come with the help of mechanical parts to increase the torque force of the driver's hand, which is transferred to the box by the wheel. Therefore, by reducing the stiffness and stiffness of the steering wheel, they promise the driver a more comfortable drive. In the following, we will examine these two categories, components, division and advantages and disadvantages of each.