Electronic components are discrete parts that are used as the main and basic components of electrical and electronic circuits.
There are a large number of electronic components that are used to make electronic circuits. Circuits are never complete or perform well without these electronic components. These electronic components include resistors, diodes, capacitors, integrated circuits, etc. Some of these parts consist of two or more terminals that are soldered to the circuit board. Some may be in the form of integrated circuits or ICs.
These parts have at least two terminals that are used to connect to the circuit. The classification of electronic components can be done based on their active, passive and electromechanical properties.
In designing an electronic circuit, the following should be considered:
main electronic components: capacitors, resistors, Diodes, transistors and...
Power sources: signal generators and DC power supply.
Measurement and analysis tools: cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO), multimeter, etc.
Active electronic components: These components are used to amplify electrical signals to generate electrical energy. An active component is driven through an electrical source. All these components require some power source, which is usually taken from the DC circuit. Active components are available in various qualities and include oscillators, ICs (integrated circuits) and transistors.
Passive electronic components: These electronic components do not use the energy of the electronic circuit because they are connected to the source. They do not rely on nutrition. As a result, these parts cannot amplify, although they can change current or voltage. Passive electronic components, which mainly have two terminals, include components such as resistors, inductors, transformers and capacitors.
Electromechanical components: These components use an electrical signal to produce some mechanical changes such as They use engine rotation. In general, electromechanical components use an electric current to form a magnetic field to create physical movement. Different types of switches and relays can be used in this type of parts. Devices that have an electrical process as well as a mechanical one are classified as electromechanical components.
Resistor: A resistor is a passive electronic component with two ends or two terminals that is used to resist or limit streaming is used. Resistor works according to Ohm's law, which states: "The voltage applied across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it." The relationship between the resistance's voltage V and its current I is expressed as V=RI. The unit of resistance is Ohm and its shape and symbol are shown in the image below.