What is the handicrafts?
There are different definitions of handicrafts. Three dominant definitions that can be considered:
First, it is called that part of the industries that all or part of the production and processing steps are done by hand. And in the form of native-philosophical and mythological culture and insights, it includes the art and enthusiasm of the native heritage of each region.
The second case: It includes a set of "arts-crafts" that are actually made using local raw materials. And a part of the main stages of production with the action of hands and manual tools causes the formation, construction and manifestation of a product, which shows the artistic taste and creativity of the manufacturer's work in each unit. This production method is the distinguishing factor that separates such products from similar machine-made and factory-made decorative artifacts; Traditional Art Academy recognizes the term "artificial arts" as more comprehensive and complete than the term "handicrafts" and after providing a definition of traditional arts, it has also provided the following definitions for artificial arts as an important subset of traditional arts: span>
⚫️ Traditional arts
It is a kind of profession that is based on the spiritual-native tradition through intuitive perception and unity and conduct in the will of the creator of the universe. Apprenticeship is transferred. And it shows a colorful expression of true beauty in relation to the conditions of the local time and place in the work of art.
⚫️ Crafts (handicrafts)
It is a part of manual arts that is made by using the profession, techniques and skills suitable for workshop but non-machine reproduction in the field of individual and collective life. People are offered.
What are the characteristics of traditional crafts or arts?
Performing part of the main production steps with manual action and manual tools.
In the process of producing each of the handicraft works, various steps are taken. If only a part of the basic production steps are done by manual work method. According to the items mentioned in the definition, the manufactured product is still considered handicraft.
The presence and direct influence of the artist's taste and creativity and the existence of the human factor in the production of each product.
Supplying most of the raw materials for consumption from domestic sources.
Having a cultural and traditional load appropriate to the native culture (use of original and traditional paintings, patterns and colors).
Lack of one-to-one and objective similarity of manufactured products with each other even in the same product group.
No need for large investment compared to other methods of production of decorative industries.
The self-sufficiency of the artisan's technique, profession, and production method according to the artisan's place of residence without the need for a foreign expert consultant.
Having a high added value compared to other production methods.
The ability to transfer experiences and secrets and production techniques from breast to breast. That is, according to the teacher and student method. With the ability to exchange in a comprehensive, principled and academic way.
What is the role of handicrafts in the development of employment in agricultural, indigenous and home business communities?
One of the positive aspects of handicrafts is its high ability to create employment in all regions. In other words, creating self-employment, attracting tourism and creating foreign exchange income. In the structure of agricultural and rural society, especially in third world countries, where a form of tradition still exists. There is a great potential for the development of this industry. From this point of view, the people of these communities can work towards self-employment and earning income by relying on their personal power, talent and knowledge. As a huge national treasure, traditional arts play an essential role in the sustainable development and integration of a region. And you should try to protect it. Through this industry, different opportunities can be created to contribute to the social and cultural future of an area.
What is the role of women in handicraft production?
It is interesting to know that about 60-70% of Iran's handicraft production is made by the capable hands of women.
Therefore, it can be said that the Iranian female artist plays a great role in the production of traditional Iranian arts.
