industrial automation

What is Industrial Tutorials?

Industrial automation or robotization (Industrial Automation) means the use of control tools (for example, computers) instead of humans in order to guide and control industrial machines and production processes. Automation refers to the use of control systems (such as numerical control, programmable logic control, and other industrial control systems), mechanical and electronic with the help of computers to monitor (control) the production line, in which the goal is to reduce the need for intervention. It is human. Industrial-Automation Automation literally means "controlling and guiding a device automatically". In today's industry, the goal of control is to reach the full meaning of the word automation, but for various reasons, this goal is not possible, and most of the time we have a semi-automatic system, where part of the control is done by the operator and part of it is done by the built-in control system.

Production process control

Information exchange between different parts of production Establish control strategies in the factory Creating an intermediary between the user and the controlled set

⚫️ Automating Systems Production Processes

Industrial automation system has two production processes which are Continuous (divergent) processes such as refining, petrochemical, chemical, food, etc. Discrete (convergent) processes such as automobiles, electronics, home appliances, etc. According to the type of product, the production process is divided into three parts: production, packaging and distribution, which is the most important part of the production process. Moving and cutting robots, from measuring the quality of raw materials, performing initial manufacturing operations on them to final product processing and final product control tests, are the constant foot of this sector in most production lines. But since all products and products need to be packaged at the end of the production process and factors such as ease of transportation, duration of use, health issues, etc. affect the quality of the product and its sales distribution, it requires the supervision of human resources. Is. The distribution department takes place from the time the products are placed in the trucks until the product is released in the stores. At this stage, the use of special loading robots and intelligent transportation lines is one of the most important achievements of automation in the distribution sector. The industrial automation system plays an important role even in the management levels of production. This work is done by human machine interfaces (HMI) because in addition to controlling the system, it is easier to collect, coordinate information and display it at different management levels. It is possible to control the system remotely with the help of HMI.

⚫️ Control components in an industrial automation system

Automation consists of three basic parts, which are: gauges controller The stimuli that are explained in the following of each of these three parts. 1- Gauges: gauges are actually the eyes of control systems, and by quantifying process values, they inform the controller of the situation in the process, and as a result, the controller sends the required command to the actuator to control the process and reach the desired set point. shows Each measuring device includes three basic components: sensor, transducer and transmitter. - A sensor is a piece of sensor that is sensitive to physical parameters such as movement, heat, light, pressure, electricity, magnetism and other energy states and reacts when they are stimulated and requires external energy for this reaction. does not have. - Transducer Transducer is a part that is responsible for converting energy states to each other, the sensor delivers the measured parameter to the transducer, then the transducer converts it into a signal that can be understood by the controller, therefore, to perform this conversion, a It has an external energy source. Transmitter is a device that converts a transducer output signal into a standard signal that can be transmitted. The most famous standards of transmitters are 4 to 20 mA and 0 to 10 volts. 2-Controller: The second part of the precision instrument is the control part. Control is to lead and maintain one or more processes to the desired or desired state or states. This concept includes quantitative, qualitative control, maintaining safety and the environment, which are the basic objectives of control. 3- Stimulators: Stimulators are devices that take the output signal from the controller and act according to these signals. Control valves and electric motors can be mentioned among the main output devices. These tools, with their function, control the measured parameters in the desired value.

⚫️ Application of automation

Today, the application of industrial automation and precision tools is abundantly seen in various industries and industrial processes. Process control and complex measurement systems used in industries such as oil, gas, petrochemical, chemical industries, food industries, automotive industries, etc. require very accurate and sensitive instruments. Recent technical advances in process control and measurement of various industrial parameters such as pressure, temperature, flow, etc. have increased product quality and reduced production costs. In general, some of the advantages of industrial automation are as follows: - Repeatability of activities and processes - Increasing the quality of manufactured products - Increasing production speed (production quantity) - More precise and faster quality control - Reducing production waste (waste) - Better interaction with trading systems - Increasing productivity of industrial units - Increasing the safety factor for the human force and reducing mental and physical pressure