The basis for choosing the type and amount of livestock and poultry feed

Choosing the type and amount of feed for livestock and poultry is a complex and sensitive matter that directly affects the health, growth, production and ultimately the profitability of the breeder. Livestock and poultry feed is analyzed based on dry matter (DM). These calculations must be done with high accuracy, because the ration prepared for the animal may not provide the necessary materials for the animal's body or may provide too much material to the animal's body. This may not only cause disease in the livestock, but also cause financial loss to the poultry farmer or rancher. In order to produce food, the condition of the animal in the farm (such as age, lactation, lactating, etc.) should also be considered.

There are several factors involved in this choice that should be carefully considered. The most important factors in choosing the type and amount of feed for livestock and poultry are: • Age and physiological stage: nutritional needs of the animal according to its age and physiological stage (embryo, chick, adult, pregnant, lactating, etc.) It changes significantly. For example, chicks need more protein and energy than adult chickens. This flow requires more calcium and phosphorus in pregnant and lactating animals.

• Breed and genetics: Different breeds of livestock and poultry differ from each other in terms of nutritional needs. For example, meat breeds generally require more energy and protein than egg-laying breeds.

• Gender: The nutritional needs of males and females also differ somewhat. For example, roosters need more protein than chickens.

• Environmental conditions: Weather conditions, such as temperature, humidity, and ventilation, affect the animal's metabolism and nutritional needs. In hot climates, animals need fewer calories, while in cold climates they need more calories to maintain their body temperature. Of course, this is not true for industry. Because in industrial and closed conditions, temperature and humidity are controlled. In fact, it may be different in terms of equipment, for example, the number of fans, etc. Different altitudes make different feeding conditions. For example, in poultry, high altitude may cause ascites.