What is an electric motor?

Actually, electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. The electrical energy supplied by the electric current inside the coil interacts with the magnetic field. This interaction leads to torque movement and as a result mechanical energy is produced. The difference between electric motor and dynamo is in their input and output energy. Alternators or dynamos receive mechanical energy such as water and wind flow, and electrical energy is the result of their operation, while electric motors receive electrical energy and produce mechanical energy. In response to the question, what are the important electrical characteristics of electric motors? Working voltage, power, frequency, amperage and number of revolutions per minute are the important characteristics of electric motors. ABB electric motor and Siemens electric motor are famous European examples and Motogen electric motor is a well-known Iranian brand. In the continuation of this tutorial, we will discuss the types of electric motors.

Electric motors are produced in various forms depending on the type of electric current, in DC and AC electric motor models. Types of electric motors are used in single-phase and three-phase electric motor models according to their power. Three-phase electric motors are mostly used in industries and deep wells. The variety of electric motors has made it possible for their single-phase models to be used in household appliances and cars in addition to industrial use. In the following, we discuss three types of electric motors (electric motors) that are generally used in industry and also for domestic needs:

These electric motors work using DC power supply. DC motors are grouped into two types: Brushless and Brushed. While brushed DC electric motors only need to be connected to a DC power supply, brushless motors need a sensor to determine the direction of rotation of the magnetic poles of the rotors and the drive circuit so that it can provide the right current.

AC electric motors

These motors are operated with an AC power source and are classified into groups depending on whether this power source is three-phase or single-phase. Single-phase motors are more commonly known as capacitor motors because they use a capacitor to move torque. Also, shaded pole motors are another type that use an additional coil called a shading coil. AC electric motors are mostly used in devices that work with high voltage and current. In some cases, three-phase electric motors can be started with single-phase electricity. It should be noted that the following points must be followed to start a three-phase electric motor with single-phase AC power. 1- Not to be used in electric motors of more than 2 kW 2- The electric motor must have a star or triangle symbol and 220 volts on its nameplate

Stepper motors or stepper motors rotate using a constant step function as an input at any time. Stepper motors are grounded using their rotor structure. Permanent magnet motors have a magnet in their rotor, variable reluctance motors have a metal core, and hybrid motors use both.

DC electric motors are among the most widely used electric motors that are used in devices that work with low voltage and current, while AC electric motors are mostly used in devices that work with high voltage and current. Some of the most important applications of dc motors can be seen in the following devices. Types of electric cars Moving toys All kinds of bicycles and scooters Car wiper and heater