Building formatting
Forming step in concreting means assembling and preparing the forms for pouring concrete. Forming and preparing the concreting place is the first step of this process. Concrete molds are made of various materials such as steel, fabric, reinforced polymer fibers, wood and composite materials. Each structural member such as foundation, column, beam and slab has its own templates.
Concrete mixing
Mixing concrete means that its raw materials, including water, aggregate and cement, are combined in proportion to each other and mortar is formed. In this process, all aggregates are covered by cement paste. For mixing and making concrete in small structures or for concrete, a mixer is used at the project site. But for large projects, the estimated amount of concrete is bought from concrete companies and concrete trucks bring it to the project site. In mixing concrete, the uniform and homogeneous composition of all materials is important. The surface of all aggregates must be covered by cement paste and separation and water should not be observed in the concrete.
Concrete transfer
Transporting concrete to the project site is also important. In small projects, concrete is prepared at the building site manually or with small mixers and transported to different parts of the building. But in large projects, concrete is transported to the building site by appropriate equipment, including concrete trucks. A mixer must be used during the transfer of concrete to prevent separation, loss of materials and loss of the paste state of the concrete.
Perform concrete
After these steps, the concrete is poured into the molds by appropriate equipment. This process requires supervision, proper control and speed of action. Many parameters affect the quality of concreting.
Congestion in concrete
Another step of concreting is creating compaction in the concrete. This work is done with the help of vibrator devices and vibration. Doing this will lead to the proper consolidation of concrete and the reduction of the number of air bubbles in the concrete. Air bubbles reduce the integrity of the concrete structure. Correct use of the vibrator requires skill and experience.
Payment of concrete surface
This process is done in order to level the concrete surface after the compaction stage and create vibration. Polishing increases the resistance of concrete against wear and reduces its permeability. Concrete finishing is done during the stages of sandblasting, troweling, and final finishing.
Concrete processing
Concrete processing or so-called curing is one of the last stages of concreting. In this process, by controlling the humidity and temperature during the hydration reaction, the desired mechanical properties are achieved in concrete. This process has a great impact on permeability, cracking, durability and final strength of concrete. Processing methods include watering concrete after concreting, creating a wet coating on its surface, maintaining molding, membrane method, plate method, heat absorption, electric method, infrared method and natural method.