Inverter literally means converter and it is also called drive, motor speed controller, variable frequency drive. Inverter is a power electronic device and it is called a device that converts direct current to alternating current. In addition, inverters are widely used in the inversion stages of switching power supplies. The voltage and output power of the inverter can be adjusted. In general, different definitions have been given for the inverter, the most important and obvious definition of which is mentioned here. An inverter is a type of speed controller and motor starter that works by changing the frequency and voltage applied to the electric motor at the same time.
Inverter has other names such as inverter, motor drive, drive, motor speed control, drive It also has adjustable speed, AC drive, VFD variable speed drive, and micro drive, all of which refer to the same device. The inverter can be used in many household and industrial appliances, in which there is movement in some way, such as air conditioners, refrigerators and washing machines, to household water pumps and household and industrial elevators.
There are different types of inverters in the market, and the most important types are single-phase or three-phase inverters. In electronics science, an inverter is an element that converts direct current into alternating current. Any device that converts DC power into AC power is called an inverter. Another use of inverters (or AC drive) is to control the speed of a three-phase AC motor without reducing the power and torque of the motor. Inverters are made in different capacities and save a lot on electricity consumption and reduce electricity consumption to a great extent.
What is the difference between an inverter and engine speed control drive?
The term inverter is not accurate to refer to this device. Because the inverter is one of the internal parts of the AC motor speed control device.
How is an inverter function?
The term inverter is generally equivalent to a device that can be used to convert DC direct current to AC alternating current. In inverters, city AC electricity, which is alternating current with a voltage of 220 volts and a frequency of 50 Hz, is first converted into DC electricity; But the main function of the inverter is when it again converts this electricity into AC alternating current, but with the required voltage and frequency and according to the electrical operation of the consumer.
The rotation speed of the motor (RPM) It is directly related to the voltage and frequency of the motor: as the voltage and frequency increase, the rotation speed of the motor also increases. When the load of the electric motor requires a lower frequency and voltage, the inverter can be used to lower the voltage and frequency; Also, when we want to reduce the speed of the electric motor, we can reduce the speed with the help of the inverter. For example, when less amount of clothes are put in the washing machine, the machine rotates with less power and speed, recognizing the weight of the clothes. In devices such as elevators, by controlling the speed of the elevator motor in different positions of its movement between floors, we see a more controlled and smoother movement.
Where is the use of an inverter?
Any movement made with an electric motor can be turned into a more controlled and intelligent movement using an inverter. For example, when a water pump is used for a hotel, the speed of the pump can be changed based on the number of open valves and water consumption, and prevent high water pressure during low consumption. The inverter also adjusts the speed of the washing machine boiler based on the amount of clothes placed in it and the operation of the refrigerator compressor based on the amount of materials inside the refrigerator. This device can be used in industrial applications for constant torque activities such as screwers, conveyors, mixers, and for constant power activities such as traction, as well as for variable torque activities such as fans and industrial pumps. The inverter is also used for centrifuges (high speed motors). With the help of the inverter, the spin of the centrifuge increases and the small particles of the material are separated.
The benefits of using an inverter
Using inverters is one of the ways to reduce energy and save. The use of inverters reduces the energy consumption and therefore reduces the cost of electricity, reduces the starting current and thus prolongs the life of the motor, the possibility of changing the speed and movement of the motor, having protection against overload, the possibility of working the motor in conditions where the input voltage is variable. , the possibility of remote control makes the speed higher than the rated speed of the motor and generally has various advantages, especially for the motor in the system.
- Controlled starting current
- Controlled acceleration< br>- The use of inverter prolongs the useful life of the motor.
- More energy storage
- Adjustable speed
- Less power consumption of inverters to start
- Inverter helps to reduce shocks It helps mechanically.
- Helping to reduce disturbances in the power grid
- Adjustable speed
- The possibility of controlling the speed and torque of the motor accurately and completely
- Removing the mechanical components of the drive
< br>Using an inverter, the need for expensive mechanical components needed to change speed, such as a variable transmission, can be eliminated. Because the inverter can work with unlimited variable speed.