Grinding process is an erosion process that can remove excess materials on the work piece by abrasion. There are different types of tools used in grinding, but in general, all these tools have abrasive grains on them, and each of these abrasive grains changes the shape of a small part of the workpiece. In fact, the grinding operation is the final stage of work on the workpiece, and after this process, the quality of the work surface increases and a kind of polishing is done on the surface of the workpiece.
In the grinding process, the cutting movement can be done either by the movement of the tool or by the workpiece, which depends on the geometry of the workpiece. Grinding tools are composed of various particles, particles such as silicon carbide or aluminum that are immersed in a matrix and perform polishing and grinding operations. Due to the fact that the size of hard particles changes in a range of tools, therefore these particles are usually placed in the matrix with random directions.
Grinding machine consists of two parts, tool and work piece, which includes a rotating motor and rotates the tool or stone at the required speed and has a bed to keep the work piece inside the fixture. The stone head can be adjusted for fixed and moving workpieces.
During the grinding operation, considerable heat is generated in the grinding machine, so these devices need a cooling system so that the heat of the workpiece is too much to bear. do not go up In some grinding processes, we have seen that even the coolant may burn. But keep in mind that in high-precision grinding at about 200 nm, little heat is produced, so there is no need for cooling.
There are different methods and machines for grinding operations that This issue depends on the type of material of the work piece and its shape. The stones used also have different grain sizes and different diameters and shapes.
There are various methods for removing shavings with metal turning tools, but in general, the advantages of the grinding method over other methods can be stated as follows:
1- abrasive material particles that They are used in the manufacture of grinding tools, they are very hard and these devices are usually used in situations where other shaving tools are unable to work. 2- The pressure applied from the side of the tool in the devices Grinding is far less stressful than metal turning tools, and this is because the grinding stones and wheels can remove very fine chips from work surfaces. In this case, not only is there not much change in the shape of the work piece, but the distortions caused by plating can be removed by grinding.
3- Grinding machines provide us with very high precision, and this problem is due to the very small size of the shavings. 4- As mentioned, grinding is a polishing operation. Work and polishing is the final work and creates a very desirable degree of smoothness on the work piece, and therefore it is not possible to create the desired finish by other methods.
