One of the most important and vital parts of any building is its facilities, which actually provide the main infrastructure for the comfort and peace of the residents to live and work in the building. Build from scratch, the most important part to consider is the facilities, the facilities are divided into different subcategories including heating, cooling, plumbing, air conditioning, power supply, telephone lines, gas supply and other parts. /p>
Design of construction installations
The most important principle that you should keep in mind when preparing the facilities in the building is the correct design of this system in a principled and correct manner. and building facilities repairs will be needed. It is even possible that the unprincipled design of the facilities ends up creating life risks for the residents.
This is the reason why today, unlike in the past, the design of building facilities is left only to professional architects and facility engineers. These people are responsible for designing the facilities of the property based on factors such as the architectural conditions of the building, the climatic conditions of the building site, the construction method and the physical shape of the building, and especially based on the rules included in the national construction topics. At the time of building design, the facility map required in the building is designed by the facility engineer, with this work, the building architect can design other parts of the building as simply as possible. Because all the architectural parts can be seen on the facility map. For example, if the electrical design of the building is implemented on the map, the electrical wiring and lighting at the entrance of the building and even the wall lights. They are completely visible for the internal and external lighting of the building.
Types of construction installations
We think that according to the explanations that we have given up to this part of the text regarding the introduction of construction facilities, you are familiar with the types of this system, however, we also add in this section that construction facilities are divided into two due to their great diversity. The general mechanical and electrical categories are divided. Of course, some also categorize the types of building facilities into three groups: electrical facilities, mechanical facilities and air conditioning facilities, which in this article we focus on the division of the model. First, we will focus and fully introduce the parts of each group of electrical installations and mechanical installations.
Heating and cooling facilities
One of the most important parts of the mechanical facilities in the building is related to the heating and cooling facilities. This part of the facility creates a comfortable environment in terms of temperature and air quality inside the building. In the mechanical facilities of the building, it has a special place, it is a sanitary facility, which is a set of piping systems and sanitary appliances in order to distribute sanitary water, collect and dispose of sewage, ventilate sewage and dispose of rainwater.
Some sanitary facilities of the building are known as water piping and sewage piping, because the most important role of this part is to provide drinking water and dispose of gray water. However, it is better to divide sanitary facilities into four sections: water piping, sewage piping, ventilation piping, and rainwater piping. Gas supply facilities. Transportation of gaseous fuels and their distribution among consumers is considered one of the most important tasks of gas supply facilities in buildings, which is classified into one of the following branches according to the type of gas supply: >
- Urban gas supply
- Industrial gas supply
- Medical gas supply
The start of gas piping in buildings should be done after the completion of the Chinese wall stage and after completing the file and selecting the contractor. is done It is also necessary to implement it on the basis of engineering and expert science, because the smallest leakage in pipes and connections can cause irreparable damages.
Pool facilities (swimming pool, jacuzzi, sauna)
The most important part when setting up a swimming pool, sauna and jacuzzi is the design and installation of the facilities required for this equipment, so that The facilities are considered to be the cornerstone of swimming pools, saunas and jacuzzis. It is important that the fire fighting facility is designed and implemented as an important member of the mechanical facilities of the building for this purpose. This system prevents fire and reacts immediately in case of fire. The presence of air conditioning and facilities in hospitals is one of the most important measures that must be done for this environment by technical experts. Because the hospital is the place where patients travel and the presence of all kinds of germs and bacteria can endanger their lives, that is why the facilities and air conditioning department is considered as a subset of the mechanical facilities of hospitals.
Important measures are considered for the facilities and air conditioning of the hospital. For example, very accurate filters of 0.1 micron are used in the air conditioning system of the hospital. Also, the air conditioning in this place is implemented as a zone or multi-part system so that each area, including the operating room, the newborn room, the recovery room, etc., has its own temperature and humidity.
< b>Steam systems facilities
From the distant past until today, steam systems have been used as the largest and most important energy transmission systems in huge industries such as petrochemicals, refineries, and power plants. And even heating and cooling installations are used in large office and residential buildings.
Home steam systems that are set up in a place called motor house, are a set of one to several cast iron or steel boilers. among other equipment such as burners, circulator pumps, piping systems and expansion sources heat the cold water entering the boiler so that the resulting steam can be used together with the hot water produced for heating and hot water consumption of the building. .