What is the tensile strength of steel?
The maximum force that a steel sample can withstand before breaking is called tensile strength. This property indicates the steel's resistance to stretching and deformation under different loads. In simpler words, imagine that steel is like a rope. Tensile strength indicates how much force the rope can withstand before breaking. The higher the tensile strength, the stronger the rope will be.
But the main question here is why is tensile strength important to engineers and designers?
Engineers and designers use the tensile strength of steel to ensure Safety and stability of structures, equipment and machines are used. For example, in the construction of bridges, buildings, cars and train tracks, steel with high tensile strength is used so that they can withstand heavy weights and forces.
Types of tensile strength (Tensile Strength)
The tensile strength of steel is a measure to measure the ability of this alloy against tensile forces. This property can be measured in four key points:
Tensile strength at yield point: The maximum force that steel can withstand without permanent deformation. At this point, the material enters the stage of plastic deformation. This type of tensile strength is also called yield strength.
Tensile strength at breaking point: The maximum force that steel can withstand before breaking. At this point, the sample breaks. This type of tensile strength is also called breaking point.
True tensile strength: The stress in a region with decreasing dimensions of the steel sample at the moment of failure.
Tensile strength based on the initial cross-sectional area: the total stress applied to the steel sample before failure, divided by its initial cross-sectional area.
Which type of tensile strength do you think is more important? The importance of each type of tensile strength depends on the intended application. For applications where it is important to retain the original shape of the steel part, such as car bodies, yield strength should be used. For applications where it is important to withstand the maximum force before failure, such as steel cables, the tensile strength at the point of failure is used.
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