History of crane construction

The first cranes in history were used to move objects around 4000 years ago in ancient Egypt. This device was known as Shadov in the past. Early cranes were wooden and consisted of a horizontal support, two vertical supports and a rotating arm.

The way they worked was in such a way that for balance, there was a balance weight on one side and a rotating arm on the other end that moved water or goods.

The main components of the cranes

Types of cranes

In the following, we introduce each of them:

Crane Tower

Tower crane is used to work on crowded surfaces. A balance weight is used to balance this device. In a tower crane, the tension is transmitted to the ground by the tower instead of the mast or machine. This device is usually used in tower construction, dam construction, shed construction, bridge construction, etc. projects.

One of the most important features of a tower crane is the constant height of the mast during work, the ability to turn the load, the ability to adjust the working radius, and the ability to raise and lower loads.

Tower cranes have two types; One is fixed and the other is mobile. Fixed models are divided into two categories: fixed tower cranes on jacks and fixed tower cranes on bases.

The mast of tower cranes has different shapes. Among the most common tower crane masts, we can mention the rising mast, extendable segmental mast, fixed mast and telescopic mast. It should be noted that the general shape of the masts in this device is tubular and mesh.

Machine or mobile crane

This type of machine can be installed on the ground in both fixed and workshop ways. In the fixed type, the crane is installed using a jack.

Ceiling crane

This model itself has two types; Single bridge and double bridge. The equivalent of this device in English is overhead crane, which is usually used for vertical and horizontal transfer of loads in warehouses and industrial halls.

Crane

Arm cranes are usually used in various industries. Arm cranes are divided into two types, wall arm and column arm.

Hanging crane

Gate crane

These machines also have two models; Gantry Crane gate and Semi Gantry crane. Semi-gantry cranes are usually installed in outdoor environments and are very suitable for unloading and loading goods.

Gateway cranes are usually used to move goods, with the difference that in addition to external environments, this type of crane can also be used in the internal environments of halls.

Special and special cranes

These cranes are a combination of the mentioned models that are used in specific locations and projects.