Chemical and petrochemical industries refer to industries that convert natural raw materials such as oil, natural gas, air, water, metals and minerals into more than 70,000 different products and chemicals. Each of these chemicals are needed by other industries. In general, the products of the chemical industry are among the most essential materials needed by various industries, and for this reason, the chemical industry plays a colorful role among all industries. have.
Chemical industries include a wide range of sub-industries; Among them, we can mention mineral, ceramic and petrochemical industries. Different experts are working in the chemical industry, which include scientists, researchers, chemical engineers, technicians, etc.
Today, synthetic chemicals have replaced natural materials in almost all cases, which is the reason why today's human needs for industries. It makes the chemistry more obvious.
Types of chemical industries
In a common classification, industries and chemicals are divided into the following 4 categories:
🔶🔸primary and basic chemicals; Like polymers that are used to produce advanced chemicals. 🔶🔸 Biological chemicals; such as medicines, health products, vitamins and insecticides.
🔶🔸consumable chemicals; such as soap, shampoo, detergents and cosmetics. Special chemicals; These types of chemicals are generally known for their innovative aspects and include electronic chemicals, industrial gases, adhesives and coatings, industrial and institutional chemicals, and catalysts.
Petrochemical Industries
Nowadays, petroleum products, in addition to vehicle fuel, engine oil, etc., play a significant role in the preparation of many parts needed for the construction of vehicles. It includes guided vehicles, spacecraft, satellites and even the manufacture of their internal parts. In addition to that, most of the raw materials for medicines such as antibiotics are extracted from petroleum compounds. Before the widespread introduction of oil into human life, humans extracted the chemicals they needed through plant and animal industries. But from the beginning of the 20th century, crude oil and natural gas became important and played a significant role as primary raw materials for the preparation and production of many chemical compounds needed by humans.
The use of chemical and petrochemical industries
Polymer and plastics, especially polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene and polycarbonate, comprise about 80% of chemical industry production worldwide.
Materials Chemicals are used in many consumer goods. In addition, chemicals are used in the manufacture of many different parts, production of agricultural products, construction and service industries.
The main industrial customers of the chemical industry include rubber and plastic industries, textiles, clothing, oil refining, pipe and paper, and primary metals.
Chemical industries, by producing valuable materials such as rubber, plastic, paint, Construction materials, detergents and sanitary materials, chemical fertilizers, etc. have made a major part of the world's industrial economy dependent on them.