Prolific machine loader
Loader is one of the most used construction machines. Loader in English means carrier. Usually, there are loaders in all construction workshops and big and small projects.
Loaders are generally divided into three categories. Chain wheel loaders, rubber wheel loaders and backhoe loaders. In general, the loader is a tractor that has a jack installed in front of it that can be controlled hydraulically.
Today, reputable factories such as Hyundai, Cat, Volvo, Kawasaki, Hitachi, etc. make loaders.
Introduction to building machinery and chain wheel loader
Chain wheel loaders have high maneuverability in small areas. These machines are used for traction work and are mostly used in soft and uneven terrains. These types of loaders are used in operations such as digging up tree roots, moving broken cement surfaces, etc.
Track loaders damage asphalt and are therefore less commonly used in urban areas. To move these types of loaders, they use trailers.
The engine of chain wheel loaders is often installed at the back of the machine. The weight of the engine is a holding factor to maintain the balance of the loader. On the other hand, chain wheel loaders can rotate in place.
Rubber wheel loaders
They use rubber wheel loaders on smooth and asphalted lands. Rubber wheel loaders have a higher speed than chain wheel loaders and hence can be used in larger areas.
It is true that these loaders have far less power than chain wheel loaders, but they are more economical than chain wheel loaders both in terms of transportation and maintenance costs.
Beckholor
Backhoe loader is a hybrid machine. A machine that can handle many jobs in construction operations. A backhoe loader consists of a channel shovel at the rear and a chum similar to rubber and chain loaders at the front.
The backhoe loader is used in construction operations such as building and digging small canals, dredging, transporting pipes, removing obstacles, etc. Fixed backloader, revolving backloader and sliding backloader are among the types of this widely used machine.
Excavator
Hydraulic excavator, which is also known as mechanical excavator in Iran, is a machine that is used in excavation operations.
Excavators, like loaders, have both rubber wheel and chain wheel models. But there are other types of excavators.
Backhoe excavator
Excavator front cup
Backhoe excavator
Walking excavator
Excavator traction
Reverse Cup excavator
An inverted cup excavator is also known as a tilting shovel, a back-bend shovel, and a pull shovel. The cup of this excavator is upside down on the surface.
Reverse bucket excavator is used for digging in hard and uneven ground.
To maintain the balance of this drilling machine, a weight is installed at the back of the machine. There are three types of weights installed in the inverted cup excavator.
Detachable balance weight
Fixed balance weight
Relying on the motor to maintain balance
Most large bucket excavators require weights. But in some cases, the engine acts as a weight and maintains the balance of the machine.
The front of the front cup
In this type of machine, as the name suggests, the cup is installed in the front of the machine. The position of the cup is also facing the sky.
These shovels are less efficient than reverse cup shovels, but they no longer have height restrictions. On the other hand, under the cup of these shovels, there is a valve installed to unload the load.
This type of machine is used for digging in hard terrain, loading trucks and transferring materials. Most of the mechanical excavators have a front chain wheel and have a low speed.
Beauty excavator
The nosed excavator has a different application than other mechanical excavators. This device is used for digging in vertical position, dredging canals, river surface and the edge of docks and moving materials such as sand.
There are also different types of mechanical excavators. Backhoe excavators are divided based on the type of guidance system as well as cup and rake.
Guidance system:
cable
hydraulic
telescopic
Cup type:
Cactus rake
Heavy digging rake
Gravel rake
Mud rake
Shovel
Walking excavator or spider excavator was made in 1960. This machine is used on rocky and uneven surfaces.
However, due to the high cost of construction and maintenance of this excavator, it is rarely used.
Building machinery and excavator
This type of excavator is made of a chamber, gravity, traction shovel cup and necessary cables to control various parts of the device. This excavator is used in activities such as channeling, pipe laying, and digging below the surface.
Grader
Grader is one of the most used construction machines. A machine whose first generation was built at the end of the 19th century and in 1920 the first generation of motorized graders entered the market.
This construction machine is used in the following cases:
snow removal
Shoulder adjustment
Spreading soil material
Accurate slopes
Carrying materials to the side of the road
Mixing soil materials with different granulations in asphalt pavement
Slope
Maintenance of gravel roads
Graders are divided into four categories according to weight. Grader up to 9 tons (light), grader 9 to 12 tons (semi-heavy), grader 12 to 15 tons (heavy) and 15 to 23 tons (super heavy).
