One of the major problems that has always been noticeable in urban water supply systems is the regulation of water pressure at the point of consumption and to the necessary and acceptable amount. Due to the fact that the amount of water consumption is variable and is constantly fluctuating and changing without any specific and predetermined pattern, therefore, with the decrease or increase in water consumption, the amount of water pressure inside the pipes is constantly changing. And it is fluctuation that these changes cause major problems in water supply systems. When the city water pressure is not enough to provide proper service to different water consuming parts in a building or residential tower or commercial or industrial complex, it is necessary to use a water supply pump booster system. The water supply pump booster system is a water pumping station that includes one or more electric pumps that are placed in parallel and are fed from a common collector, and their water output enters a common collector and is controlled through a control panel. The task of this system is to provide certain and almost constant water pressure in variable water consumption flows. A water supply pump booster system adds pressure to the pressure in the urban plumbing network to achieve the desired pressure in the system and tries to keep this pressure as constant as possible. A water supply pump booster should be able to provide the required pressure and flow of the system with the least energy and the highest efficiency.
Simple water supply pump booster including an electric pump is used for low and medium sanitary water use in residential and industrial water supply systems. If the water supply pump booster contains only one electric pump, in large residential or industrial complexes, that electric pump alone cannot meet the required pressure and flow rate of the system, or the depreciation of an electric pump is so high that it is justifiable from an engineering or economic point of view. or when the fluctuations of water consumption are high, instead of a booster pump containing only one electric pump, a water supply pump booster including two or more electric pumps is used to save energy. Therefore, electropumps preferably with the same specifications can be connected to each other to provide the required pressure and flow rate of the system. Water booster pumps are divided into two general categories. Booster water supply pump with fixed speed and booster pump with variable speed. All the equipment of these two types of water supply pump booster are similar to each other, except for the control board and steering wheel and its pressure sensor. The similarity of the mechanical parts makes it possible to easily convert any existing constant speed water supply pump booster into a variable speed water supply pump booster by using the variable speed control board and steering wheel and the corresponding pressure sensor.
The biggest difference between these two types of water supply pump booster is in the smartness of the variable distance pump booster. In this category, the drive or the inverter and the pressure sensor or the transmitter are used to receive information about the pressure of the water supply network and to operate the electric pumps. In this way, if only one tap is opened in the consumption network, the electropump does not work at its maximum speed and keeps the pressure level independent of the consumption flow of the network. Also, the higher or lower the consumption of the network, the pressure sensor will sense it and send it to the control panel and the intelligent command of the water supply pump booster, and from there the rotation speed of the electric pump will decrease or increase. But in a water supply pump booster, this function is constant. It doesn't happen. Many booster water supply pumps are designed and built with a pressure switch and a source under diaphragm pressure and are controlled only by a control panel and a simple command. So that the first electropump is used at maximum speed and supplies the required water flow, and if the output water pressure is low, the next electropump is also started at maximum speed.
Providing completely constant water pressure in water supply systems has been the biggest demand of booster pump designers and manufacturers, and to achieve this goal, a system that can change the rotation speed of common electric pumps that work with city electricity was needed. to give This was realized by the drive or the inverters so that the frequency and voltage of the city electricity can be changed at the same time and it can change the speed of the electric pumps that are fed with the electricity output from the inverter according to the frequency of the electricity output from the inverter. The smart variable round water supply pump booster, which has a special controller in its command and control panel, delivers the required and variable water flow rate to the consumers with a completely constant pressure so that the consumer can always collect the water they need. In this type of water supply pump booster, control panels are used which are equipped with a drive or an inverter.
In an advanced variable round water supply pump booster, in terms of being smart, an alarm system can also be used. By showing certain codes, the alarm system is able to show the existence of a fault in any of the equipment of the control panel and steering wheel, pressure sensor, power supply network and even the consumption network, and by activating an alarm or warning light, it can indicate the existence of a fault. . The presence of a fault finding system makes the repair and maintenance of the water supply pump booster faster and easier.
In the control panel and command of the smart variable round water supply pump booster, a special controller is usually used, which is based on the amount of water pressure. The demand is adjusted at the output of the water supply pump booster. If the water pressure of the water supply system is lower than the required pressure, a command will be issued that increases the frequency of the inverter. Increasing the frequency of the power output from the inverter causes the speed of the electropump to increase to the extent that the pressure of the water output from the booster pump reaches the set and desired pressure, and if the water pressure of the system is higher than the required pressure, the opposite of this action happens forever. The pressure of the system remains constant.
There are three types of variable speed booster pump systems that have been implemented and are more useful and are used by reputable booster pump companies in the world. In the first type system, only the first electropump works with an inverter and variable speed, and the rest of the electropumps work with a fixed speed and enter the circuit. In the second type system, one inverter device is considered for each electropump, and all the electropumps operate in a variable speed mode, and in the third type system, only one inverter device is considered for all the electropumps, and all the electropumps operate in a variable speed mode. and they enter the circuit in order.
It is obvious that the variable and intelligent water supply pump booster is superior to the constant speed water supply pump booster. This type of booster pumps consume much less electrical energy, have much less wear and tear, and have less noise. In our country, it has been several years since the design and construction of variable speed water supply pump boosters using common electric pumps in the market and with a slightly more expensive price than fixed speed water supply pump boosters have been started. Recently, due to the many advantages of variable speed water supply pump booster systems, such as relatively constant output pressure, lower energy consumption compared to fixed speed water supply pump booster systems, lack of extreme pressure fluctuations and less wear and tear of mechanical parts from these systems in booster water supply pumps. It is widely used. As mentioned, in this type of water supply pump booster, by changing the frequency of the electric pump through the inverter, its rotation speed changes. By changing the rotation speed, the pressure and flow rate curve of the pump also changes, and with different rotation speeds at a constant pressure, different flow rates can be obtained at the output of the electropump. According to the type of use of the variable speed water supply pump booster and the amount of pressure and flow required and taking into account the related costs, different types of variable speed water supply pump boosters are designed with different variable speed systems.
