Valves applications
In addition to turning off and connecting the water flow and adjusting the flow and mixing hot and cold water together, another use of sanitary faucets is in terms of beauty and interior appearance, which has become the first priority today, and the next point is saving water consumption. .
Technical specifications of the valves
In general, faucets are made of two types of brass or dry lead alloys, and only their covers make a difference in appearance. Of these two types, rice works better than dry lead. Because lead gets corroded after some time and in addition to that, it will also cause losses in terms of health, so it is not recommended to use lead kitchen milk at all and it causes great harm to human health. For this reason, these types of faucets are not approved in terms of standards and are considered unsanitary.
Standard rules on the same thing that must be followed in a standard valve:
According to standard 6679 and 1546, all metal parts used in the construction of sanitary faucets (except the handle) must be made of brass alloy.
In any case, parts in contact with water should not be made of brass alloy with more than 2.5% lead. The types of covers that are more useful for faucets are: brass, bronze, copper and steel, of which stainless steel is better than other products. Because it has a better resistance to decay and because of its appearance, it shows less water stains and is more suitable in terms of beauty.
Other hairs, like bronze or copper, are only bronze and copper plating, and they are more versatile, and maybe because of their yellow or red color, they give a nostalgic feeling to the buyers.
All materials used in the construction of sanitary faucets that are in contact with water must be selected from those that are resistant to water up to 90 degrees Celsius and the environment of use and do not have any corrosion during use compared to other parts used in the faucet. Also, they should not be toxic and cause any change in the quality of the appearance, color, smell and taste of drinking water.
At the same time, they should not lead to the growth of bacteria and endanger human health.
The external surfaces of chromed water and nickel-chromium coating must comply with the requirements of clauses 2-2 and 6-2 of standard No. 6679. After the type of metal used in faucets, electroplating is very important, which can have a significant effect on the resistance of the valve, and the better the electroplating quality, the longer the valves will wear out.
For example, if a faucet has 25 micron plating and its cover is real steel, it will have a very long life in terms of quality. The minimum plating thickness for nickel is 10 microns and chromium is 0.3 microns. In the case of mixed faucets, hot water is on the left and cold water is on the right.
About simple taps:
It is a faucet that is installed only to control the flow of water, and they do not mix hot and cold water like mixed faucets. These valves have the following components that are similar to most other valves.
Body
- Disc: which is the ball or conical cylinder in ball and cone valves
- Seat: which is the seat of the disc or the interface between the body and the disc or the washer. It is often made of soft material to perform the sealing function.
- Handle and flake: The flake or handle is connected to the disk. It is usually opened or closed by turning the valve stem.
Pedal valves
The best choice for public places is pedal or non-touch valves because they do not require energy such as electricity and batteries compared to electronic valves. But they also face problems during use. In the new models of pedal valves, functions such as adjusting the amount and temperature of cold and hot water and retractable pedal for ease of cleaning have been considered and its advantages have been added. These faucets can be used in places such as schools, hospitals, all medical centers, hotels, mosques, restaurants, etc. Another advantage of the pedal and eye types is the absence of hand contact with the tap, which prevents the transmission of infectious and skin diseases, and due to the speed of the water cut, the amount of water consumption and even energy is saved. Therefore, they are the best choice for public places.
Lever valves
Lever faucets are divided into standing and wall-mounted models, the standing type is usually used in the sink and the wall-mounted type is used in the bathroom and toilet. Of course, sometimes the wall type is also used in the wash basin and sink. In lever valves, a cartridge is used instead of a nut. Cartridges are available in two types, plastic and ceramic, of which the ceramic type is better and the product of European countries, especially Spain and Italy, is more desirable. Their plastic type uses o-shaped plastic rings inside a cylindrical cartridge to control water flow. Some faucets and showers are also equipped with LED lights, which have a decorative aspect. In this type of valves, the color of the LED lights changes based on the water temperature, and these lights get their energy from the water pressure and do not need electricity or batteries. Some faucets are also equipped with a water temperature display system. The standard 6679 of the Iranian Standard Institute must be followed in the manufacture of these valves.
Electronic valves
In some electronic faucets, water consumption can be saved more by using a bubbler that puts air into the water and releases the water in the form of bubbles. Of course, water consumption can be reduced by installing different types of faucets and combining air and water in other types of faucets. Electronic faucets are based on the sending and receiving of infrared light, which means they are completely electronic and start working without touching the user's hand and only by placing the consumer's hand in the field of vision of the infrared sensors. They also have the ability to use electricity and battery at the same time and use the battery in case of a power cut. If a fixed object is placed in front of the sensor, after a certain period of time, for example, 45 seconds, the water flow will be cut off. Also, in order to save water consumption, there are also showers available in the market, which can reduce water consumption by 50% by combining water and air and controlling the flow of water and different spraying modes.
Pisar Milk
It is a simple valve that is usually installed before connecting hot and cold water pipes to mixed valves. In fact, it is the interface between the plumbing and the mixing valve, and the purpose of its installation is that in case of failure of the mixing valves, by closing them, the water flow can be cut off and repaired or replaced. Urinal valves are usually either made of brass with nickel-chrome plating or made of compressed plastics, and of course, today, filter-type urinal valves that have a stainless steel filter are used to prevent foreign bodies from entering the mixed valve and The lever valve cartridge is protected. The other place of the urinals is to fill the siphon of the eastern or eastern toilet.
