In front of the speaker there is a plastic, paper or lightweight metal conical shell made of aluminum or titanium, which is called a diaphragm. . The outer part of the cone is connected to the outer metal edge of the speaker. Inside, there is a metal coil on a permanent magnet (it is also called a voice coil). When you connect a speaker to a player, electrical signals travel through the speaker cables (red) to the coil. This causes the coil to become a temporary magnet (electromagnet). As the electric current flows in the cable, the electromagnet is attracted to or away from the magnet. This will cause the coil to move back and forth and push or pull the conical part. Like a drum shell, vibrating in and out causes the sound to be transmitted to the air.
⚫️ How to produce sound by speakers
When the cone vibrates to a greater extent, the speaker plays louder, and when it moves to a lesser extent, the sound becomes quieter. Like a drum, when you hit it harder, the shell starts to oscillate at a greater distance and produces a louder sound. In the same way, sending a stronger electrical pulse to the speaker causes the cone to move more and produce more sound. A quieter sound is also produced by sending a weaker electrical pulse. By checking the energy, we can get a similar result, to create a louder sound, we need an oscillation with more energy.
In some drums The shell can be made tighter or looser. When the shell is stretched, it oscillates faster when struck and produces a higher pitched sound. When the shell becomes looser, a sound with a low note is produced. The same thing happens with speakers. Larger speakers with larger cones (called woofers) travel slower than speakers with smaller cones (called tweeters), so they are better at producing lower frequencies.< /p>
⚫️ How to optimize the sound of the speaker
It's not just the cone that determines how a speaker sounds. If you pay attention, the speakers are placed in wooden or plastic boxes. This is not only to make them more beautiful, but also greatly affect their output sound. You know that the wooden body of the instruments amplifies the sound of the strings. When the wire vibrates, it causes the air around it to vibrate, and this causes the air inside the wooden body to vibrate and make the resulting sound loud enough to be easily heard. Speaker boxes have exactly the same function.
If you have noticed, the sound heard in an empty room is different from the sound heard in the same room with devices. The sound that is transmitted from the cone of the speaker to the air is spread in all directions. These sound waves hit the walls and devices and sometimes cause the sound to intensify and sometimes reduce it.
