Tower cranes are a new and modern form of balance levers that are made of the same main parts. Usually, the base of the tower crane (fixed base) is installed in reinforced concrete. Sometimes it is connected to parts of the structure or building by special belts and handles. Tower cranes usually provide the best combination of height and lifting capacity and are widely used in the construction of dams, towers, high buildings, skyscrapers, and all kinds of concrete and metal structures.
During the initial installation of tower cranes, its stabilization base must be implemented in accordance with the required technical specifications specified in the manual for the specific type of tower crane, with the supervision and approval of structural engineers. Since it is not possible for the inspector to access this section and check the specifications during operation, the approval of the supervising engineer of the building is required in this regard.
How do tower crane arise?
There will always be construction problems for the construction of huge steel and concrete structures, especially when the work reaches high heights from the ground, a lot of time, effort and money must be used to place materials and equipment with high weight and volume in The structure can be used. This problem has been solved to a large extent with the construction of the first tower cranes about 70 years ago.
The first tower crane (tower crane) was invented by the ancient Greeks and it did its work with the power of workers and quadrupeds. . This tower crane was used to build tall buildings at that time and allowed heavy objects to be carried to the top of the desired building. Tower cranes are one of the main and necessary components in many construction projects. . The height increasing part, which usually has a different height from the other parts of the mast, is connected to the base and increases the height to add a new part, and then other parts are mounted on it and fixed by standard pins or bolts. will be connected. Then the tower crane mast is connected to the rotating part that includes the engine and gears to allow the tower crane to rotate. On top of the rotating part of the cranes, there are three main parts:
- Arrow on which the carriage and hook move.
- Shorter pocket on which the counterweights and usually the inspection corridors of the tower crane and the main electrical panel and the main gearbox motor are also located in this part of the tower crane.
- The other main part is the tower crane operator's cabin, where the controls and levers are used to rotate and lift. The load is located here and the operator of the tower crane above is done from this part, and a person named Rigger Tower is below because the tower crane driver does not have enough visibility, he gives the necessary commands to do the work by wireless.
Types of workshop tower cranes
2. Independent fixed tower cranes
3. Mobile tower cranes
4. Fixed harnessed tower cranes
5. Lifting cranes (telescopic)