What is a piston pump?

Piston pump is a type of positive displacement pump and is a subset of reciprocating pumps; This means that with the reciprocating movement of the mechanism used in it (piston) inside the pump chamber (cylinder), pressure is applied to a fixed volume of fluid that is locked in the chamber and causes it to flow. The piston pump is usually used in cases where the output pressure is required in the range of 100 to 1000 bar (high pressure); That's why piston pump is also called high pressure pump.

Based on the operation and movement of the working fluid inside the cylinder, the piston pumps available in the market are divided into four main groups including:

- Lift Piston Pump
- Force piston pump or Force Pump
- Axial Piston Pump
- Radial Piston Pump

From the point of view of industrial use, piston pumps can be divided into three types of pumps including :

- Piston pump for industrial car wash (working pressure 200 to 400 bar)
- Piston pump for home car wash (working pressure 70 to 160 bar)
- Piston pump for salt water (to prevent corrosion The material of the parts is steel.)
- Misting pump
- Fertilizing pump (back of tractor)
- Hydraulic piston pump
- Axial piston pump

Among the commonly used pumps In vehicle air conditioning, hydraulic motor and individual pumps are axial type of piston pump. A group of hydraulic pumps available in the market are of the axial piston type, which are used to create high pressures and move heavy objects in hydraulic jacks. In this type, several pistons are placed in separate cylinders but in a row on the circumference of a certain circle, and the reciprocating movement of their axis during a parallel and coaxial movement causes the discharge of the working fluid and the pumping action.

If there is a need for high efficiency, high pressure, low pumping flow and flow without fluctuations in the output, radial piston pumps are used.

The hydraulic motor is a device that receives the energy of hydraulic oil under pressure and converts it into torque and rotational movement. In other words, hydraulic motors apply the reverse action of the hydraulic pump to the fluid (hydraulic oil).

Hydromotors are rotating equipment that play a key role in various industries. A hydromotor is needed in all machines that require rotary motion. Industries such as automobile manufacturing, cement-related industries, chemical industries, mining industries, etc. are some of the cases in which hydromotors are used. The structure of hydromotors is very similar to hydraulic pumps, but the process that occurs in hydromotors is different from pumps. p>

Limited rotation hydraulic motor
Continuous rotation hydraulic motor

Types of hydraulic motor:

Gear hydraulic motor
Piston hydraulic motor Vane hydraulic motor

Directional control valves in hydraulic systems are responsible for guiding the oil to the desired paths. These valves are installed between the oil tank and the cylinders. Direction control valves play exactly the role of a hub. In the structure of these valves, an input port and a number of output ports are embedded

a) In terms of power source

1. Manual hydraulic direction control valve
In manual hydraulic direction control valves, the function is exactly the same as electric valves, with the difference that instead of electric energy, human power (user) is used to change the direction of oil entry and exit.
< br>. Electric hydraulic direction control valve
In hydraulic systems, electric valves are used to control the flow, pressure and direction of movement of hydraulic oil. These valves are the most common types of valves that are activated by an electrical signal, usually from a control system or a switch, to open or close a flow path.
Solenoid valves can be operated directly by the user or operate automatically. The advantages of these types of valves include high speed, the possibility of remote control, and the possibility of compatibility with a wide range of sizes, configurations and pressure ratings. The weakness of these valves is the need for electricity and a lot of technical defects.