Types of Cement Types and their application
Cement is a powdered and soft mixture of clay, silica and mineral oxides. The combination of cement and water creates an extremely strong adhesive for connecting all kinds of building materials. On the other hand, cement should also be used in the production of hard and cohesive blocks. Therefore, it seems that without cement, progress in the construction of a building cannot occur. Cement is produced in different types. Different types of cement have their own characteristics. For example, regardless of the climate of a region, you cannot use any type of cement. Therefore, the best type of cement is the type of cement that suits the climate of a region. Types of cement are divided from type 1 to type 5. An important part of the difference between cement types is based on whether they are quick-setting or quick-hardening and the amount of heat they release during mixing. The main division of cement will be based on the type of raw materials in the form of Portland and non-Portland. The Portland cement production line and the equipment needed to produce all types of cement are completely the same. The main reason that causes the difference in types of cement is the type of raw materials and the temperature of the furnace during production. For the production of ordinary Portland cement, the furnace temperature will be around 1500 degrees.
Type 1 cement and its use
Type 1 cement is the most common type of cement in construction. This type of cement is the type that we all know very well. The composition of type 1 cement is the usual composition including lime, clay, silica and minerals. Type I cement has the simplest structure and creates high adhesion when combined with water. For this reason, it is used to bond all kinds of materials, including bricks, blocks, and sand. Of course, don't forget that type 1 cement is considered the main material in the production of cement blocks.
Type 3 cement and its use
If you are looking for an early-hardening Portland cement with high initial strength, we recommend Type 3 cement. In fact, this type of cement is similar to type I cement in terms of hardening. However, the rate of increase of initial strength of type 3 cement is much higher than that of type 1 cement. The measurements show that the three-day strength of type 3 cement will be comparable to the 7-day strength of type 1. One of the important features of type 3 cement is its high heat-generating reactions. This makes it an early setting Portland cement. As a result, for concreting in cold regions, the best type of cement will be type 3 cement. Of course, with the condition that antifreeze is also used in its composition. Another point is that in the production of some materials or moldings that require high speed, type 3 Portland cement is the best option. But don't forget that type 3 cement should not be used for high-volume concreting. Because the heating reactions make it expand and harden. As a result, immediately after cooling and shrinking, the possibility of cracking increases.
Type 4 cement and its application
Retarding cements are another type of cement required in the construction and civil industry. This type of cement (which we know as type four cement) hardens at a slower rate. The slowness of the hardening process of these types of cements increases their resistance. Therefore, type four cement is usually used for dam construction projects and the construction of very large buildings. Type 4 Portland cement has weak thermal reactions. So that it is known as cement with low combined hydration. However, the retardation property of type 4 cement makes it suitable for hot and dry climates. It should be noted that Portland cement type 4 will perform well for temperatures above 40 degrees. The thing about type 4 Portland cement is that it is rarely produced. In fact, in the whole world, the production of type 4 cement is done only in very special cases. Usually, in projects that require the use of type 4 cement, type 5 cement is used.
Type 5 cement and its use
Type 5 cement is the most special type of Portland cement. This type of cement will be much less hot than type 1 cement. For this reason, it is usually used instead of type 4 cement. However, type 5 cement type has its own structural characteristics. These properties will keep it from being sulfated. Therefore, in projects where columns or building components may be affected by sulfate, type 5 cement will be the best option. Type 5 cement should be used for buildings that are built on sulfate soils. Also, the most important application of type 5 cement is in marine structures that require high strength. However, in any environment where there are corrosive or sulfated materials, type 5 cement should be used for construction or concreting. You may have this question, which type of cement is better? We need to remind you that choosing the type of cement depends on many factors. Some of the most important factors that should be considered when ordering or buying types of cement are:
climate
type of project (dam construction, construction or bridge building, etc.)
The type of performance required (strengthening, gluing materials or concreting, etc.) Of course, in special cases, we may need type 4 cement. In such a situation, it is usually preferable to use type 5 cement. But this issue is not the reason for the superiority of one over the other. In projects that require quick action or in molding processes and the like, it is better to use quick-setting cement types. Also, if you plan to build in cold areas, you should use quick-setting cement with antifreeze. Type 3 cement is the best used for such cases.