What is the dandruff?
Dandruff is a white and salty substance that may appear on the surfaces of various building materials such as natural stones, bricks, concrete or any other porous building materials. The reason for its occurrence is due to the deposition of salt and mineral salts in soil, water, sand or cement, which are dissolved by rainwater or underground water. When this moisture is drawn to the surface of the stone, it evaporates and its salts and mineral salts remain, and it becomes dander, which can be seen over time. It is surprising to some that moisture comes from inside the stone to the surface and brings the salts and minerals inside or behind the stone to the surface. Of course, moisture and water that sit on the surface of the stone from external sources, such as rainwater or dew, will have the same effect if they contain mineral salts.
Although this is an unpleasant event, it is a completely natural thing that does not affect the structure of the stone, but damages its appearance. What causes the moisture inside the stone to penetrate to its surface and then evaporate? In fact, what factors cause this phenomenon? Therefore, be sure to read the rest of the text.
Factors Affecting Dandruff
The presence of salt, moisture and a path for it to move to the surface of the stone is one of the requirements for scale formation. Now, various factors play a role in providing these things, some of which include the following:
Wet weather conditions: Water, rain and snow are the primary sources of moisture and may affect the amount of dandruff. Now, various factors affect the amount of air humidity, including density, groundwater discharge, and indoor activities. Now, as mentioned, the presence of moisture is one of the main elements of dandruff formation. Because moisture turns salts into saline solutions. For this reason, you may have seen scaling of stone in buildings in northern regions where humidity is a constant feature of the climate. In addition, dew or rain also provide suitable conditions for dandruff. Also, if the stone is in a part that is constantly exposed to water, such as a bathroom or a swimming pool, you can expect to see this phenomenon more. Because in these parts there is a combination of wet environment and water.
Stone porosity: The presence of porosity actually plays the role of the movement path of salt solutions to the surface of the stone. That's why this phenomenon is observed more in porous stones like travertine. Therefore, since travertine is used in a large amount in the facade of the building, it is necessary to use high-quality resin and epoxy to waterproof it, especially for northern areas. In addition, travertine stone has a high water absorption and over time by absorbing rainwater and... if it contains salt, it adds to the salt solutions in the stone, which again causes dandruff.
Mortar used for installation: If low-quality cement and sand are used in the preparation of the mortar, and in addition, the water used to prepare the mortar is salty (such as well water). It causes dandruff. This also causes the stone to turn yellow. For cement what happens is that the cement has a hydration reaction during which the calcium hydroxide or what we call lime is transferred to the surface of the rock or cement. When the lime reaches the surface of the stone, it reacts with the carbon dioxide in the air and produces calcium carbonate, which is insoluble in water.
Poor quality materials have been used in the construction of the desired back wall.
Dandruff may occur in the presence of any of these factors, and the idea that some people may have at this time is that they may have used poor quality materials, if the presence of these factors also causes This happens. Dandruff affects the shine and color of the stone. Also note in this regard that the dandruff process can occur at different times, or it can be a problem at the very beginning of building a building or Gradually.
Therefore, it can be said that there are two types of dandruff process: primary and secondary. Primary, which usually occurs during the first 72 hours of stone installation (or other building materials), which is caused by the presence of excess water during mortar preparation. And secondary scaling is the result of external moisture that pulls the salt out of the stone and occurs gradually. In many cases, dandruff happens gradually.
Dandruff is often a seasonal problem in the sense that in seasons of the year such as winter when there is more rain, snow and humidity; It occurs to a greater extent, but nevertheless, it may occur in the spring, autumn and summer seasons.
In addition to this, the amount of scale of different stones is different according to the type of stone. For example, limestones such as travertine, which have high porosity and water absorption, are prone to scaling more than other stones such as granite. Also, the location of the mine from which the stone was extracted is important. Because, for example, stones that are extracted from desert areas, the amount of salt in their stones is more than other areas.