What is a crane?
Crane or its Persian equivalent, according to the standard definition, refers to a machine whose main activity is to lift and move objects suspended in the air. A crane performs this task using hooks and similar equipment.
The history of using the first cranes goes back to the people of ancient Egypt.
The mission of these cranes was to move water from rivers. Over time, to increase the efficiency of the cranes, longer arms were added to the cranes in the form of today's canvas.
What are the main components of the crane?
Crane body: It includes the main body of the crane, which does not have hydraulic parts, is made of light and resistant alloys, and other parts of the crane are connected to it. Depending on the type and capacity of the crane, the steering room or the levers are mounted on the side or on it.
Telescope or Boom: It is a long arm made of steel and its alloys, which are put together in several pieces with the help of a hydraulic pump.
Winch: It is a structure with wire and pulley mechanism, towing and hydraulic pump, which depending on the type and capacity of the crane can be designed and built with clutch and mechanical anti-fall brake.
Balance jack: made of hydraulic pump and telescope and has the task of separating the crane body from the ground. This action is done to remove the pressure from the tires of the wheels and distribute the load on a higher level.
What is the need to use a crane?
With the expansion of global trade and the development of the transportation industry at the international level, the need to use super cranes as a vital lever for loading cargo in commercial ports and wharves is getting more and more attention. Gantry and semi-gantry cranes play the first and last role in loading and unloading ships.
Without the presence of tower cranes, the construction of urban superstructures such as skyscrapers will never be realized. Workshop and urban projects owe part of their speed of progress to the speed of transfer and movement of mobile cranes.
Rail and overhead cranes have now become an integral part of factories and large sheds for transporting goods and cargo. In total, the family of cranes, from mini cranes to tower cranes, are responsible for carrying out most of the light to super heavy movements in the world around us.
What are the prerequisites for working with the crane?
Since the crane is placed in the group of heavy industrial machines, the correct way of starting and working with it requires obtaining a special certificate and having a valid approval. In order to minimize possible risks, the crane operator or driver must have the necessary medical and health certificates.
In addition to skill, working with a crane also requires expertise. The crane operator must be trained to use the crane load table and perform calculations before starting to move.
Depending on the dimensions and weight of the crane, the load table provides vital information about the lifting capacity, the lifting range and the lifting angles in the stationary or moving state for correct loading and preventing the crane from overturning or breaking.
The experience of the transportation team is one of the important components in safe transportation. Measuring the weather conditions, wind speed, taking into account the distance to the structures near the project site, the safe distance to the electricity networks, and the speed and precision in the way the project is carried out are some of the factors that are considered by a working team in the matter of heavy relocations. will be considered and observed.
