All societies produce waste, both solid and liquid. The liquid part of these wastes is the same water that has been contaminated as a result of various uses. In terms of sources of production, sewage can be considered as a combination of waste produced by water from residential, administrative and commercial and industrial facilities and discharged to underground water and surface water.
Sewage treatment and purification goals
Wastewater is water that has been prepared for a specific use and for any reason has lost its quality for that use and has been contaminated. One cubic meter of sewage can pollute 14 to 20 cubic meters of water. Some of these pollutants prevent the use of water for purposes such as drinking, bathing, recreation, agriculture, industrial purposes, etc.
What is the wastewater treatment?
Wastewater treatment is an operation whose purpose is to convert polluted and unusable wastewater into water that can be reused in the living environment or returned to the environment. This process includes various steps that use physical, chemical, and biological techniques to remove and reduce pollutants and organic matter in wastewater.
The most important objectives of wastewater treatment
Maintaining public health: By removing pollutants and microbes from wastewater, the risk of disease transmission and contamination to drinking water or underground water sources is reduced and the public health of the society is ensured.
Environment protection: Sewage treatment reduces pollutants entering water resources, ecosystems and soil and helps to preserve biodiversity and maintain biological balance.
Management of water resources: By reusing purified water, the amount of urban water consumption and water loss is reduced, which is of particular importance in areas with a shortage of water resources.
Agricultural water supply: Purified water can be used as a source of water for irrigation of fields, which can contribute to agricultural productivity and development.
In general, wastewater treatment is a basic process and It is vital that helps to improve the quality of human life, preserve the environment and manage water resources.
Why should the wastewater be treated?
Sewage treatment is very important. This process preserves public health and preserves the environment. Wastewater contains pollutants and pathogenic microbes that can lead to the transmission of dangerous diseases. By treating sewage, pollutants and pathogenic microbes are removed from sewage and public health is guaranteed. Also, wastewater contains substances such as nitrates, phosphates, salts and organic substances that can damage water resources and soil. By treating wastewater, these substances can be removed from the environment and pollution of the environment can be prevented.
In addition, wastewater treatment can make water resources more productive. Purified water can be used as a water source for irrigation of fields, industrial water or even drinking water, which can help in managing water resources and preventing water shortages. Also, wastewater treatment contributes to economic growth by creating job opportunities and improving economic conditions. According to these reasons, wastewater treatment should be a priority for every community and city as a necessary and vital action.
Wastewater treatment applications
Wastewater treatment is a vital process that has different types of applications and benefits from it in different coordinates. This process helps to preserve the environment, provide purified water for various uses, reduce air pollution and improve water and air quality, reduce health risks and preserve natural resources. In addition, wastewater treatment can help increase the sustainability of water resources and improve people's lives. In general, this process plays a very important role in creating a healthy and sustainable environment and improving the quality of human life.