Quadra steering system or four-wheel steering system or steerable four-wheel system is one of the advanced systems used by some of the world's major car manufacturers in their products. This advanced system has a great impact on car handling. In this post, you will learn about the four-wheel steering system and its operation and the types of steering systems in cars.
Four -wheel drive system
In the 80s, the four-wheel steering system was completely mechanical. In the late 90s, some car manufacturers started using the electric and even hydraulic type of this system. The four-wheel steering system is called quadra steering system, rear wheel steering, all-wheel steering, which was developed by Delphi General Motors to be used in vehicles. This system allows the driver to actively steer the rear wheels during turning maneuvers. In general, all steering systems are created to facilitate the driver's work while driving. This system allows the driver to Gives up the vehicle on the road guide to turn it to the left or right as desired. In the four-wheel steering system, all four wheels of the car rotate simultaneously when the driver turns the steering wheel. In most of these systems used in cars, the rear wheels are moved by the car's central computer. But in general, the rear wheels do not turn as much as the front wheels. Also, in some cars, there may be a control to turn off the rotation of the rear wheels or the possibility to rotate the rear wheels independently of the front wheels. In this system, the rear wheels turn against the direction of the front wheels at low speed, as when the car is parked, thus reducing the turning radius. This system is critical for large vehicles such as trucks, tractors, and tow trucks. At high speeds, the rear and front wheels turn to the same angle under the control of the car's computer, so the vehicle can change its location with minimal deviation.
However, in the four wheel steering system, the front and rear wheels of the car can be controlled at the same time. In this system, both front and rear wheels are directed in the same direction and are parallel to each other. This space steering system It creates less effort to turn the car compared to a two-wheel steering system. The Quadra steering system offers a 21% reduction in turning radius. So if a vehicle is able to make a U-turn in a seven and a half meter space, the Quadra steering system allows the driver to do it in about six meters. Quadra steering system or four-wheel steering system, the current 4WS four-wheel steering system works with the help of mechanical linkages. This system uses a manual monitor to control and guide the joint (left and right rotation) of the rear wheels. >
Types of steering system
To turn the car, two types of steering systems are used:
1-. Normal steering system
2. Four wheel steering system
1. Normal command system
A conventional steering system allows the front wheels to be turned using a manual steering wheel in front of the driver. This means that when the steering wheel is turned, only the front wheels are steered to the right or left as needed. and the rear wheels follow the front wheels in this system.
2. Four -wheel command system [four -wheel command system]
Quadra steering system is used by some vehicles to improve the steering performance. It increases the vehicle's stability when driving at high speed. It also helps to reduce the turning radius at low speed. This type of system helps the vehicle speed. It depends. Four-wheel steering system When the vehicle is moving at high speed, all four wheels are directed in the same direction for more stability. On the highway, to merge the lane, you turn the wheel slightly and all four wheels turn that direction. and you will have a good stable integration. It also helps the driver when parking the car. Since the rear wheels are made to follow the path of the front wheels, the rear of a four-wheel system car does not turn normally. Therefore, the risk of hitting Every obstacle is reduced find.
In a 4WS system, it is very necessary to control the driving angle of the front and rear wheels. The steering is completely on the four wheels. And to ensure the vehicle turns on its axis, you need to be in an unconventional direction. Such a system require accurate calculation from the server engine. Therefore, real-time feedback can ensure that all three command modes are working.
The steps of the Quadra Steering System
Command systems work in the following three steps:
1. Negative phase
2. Positive phase
3. Neutral phase
This step helps vehicles to park in tighter spaces. This makes the vehicle more efficient and stable when passing and cornering lanes, easier and safer.
While driving at a lower speed, the rear wheel is turned in the opposite direction from the front wheel. This is a negative step. At medium speed, the rear wheel remains straight or neutral. At higher speed, the rear wheel is in a The phase is positive and its rotation is in the same direction as the front wheels.
1. Negative phase
In the negative phase, both the front and rear axles move in the opposite direction. As both axles move in different directions, the turning radius decreases. This means that the vehicle It needs less space for parking and it will be useful in places where traffic and parking are a major problem.
2. Positive phase
In the positive phase, both the front and rear axles move in the same direction relative to each other. This movement of the front and rear axles helps the four-wheel steering system to enable the vehicle to change lanes while driving on the highway. Slow. Generally applied at a higher speed.
1. Neutral phase
In the neutral stage, only the front wheels move either in the right or left direction, and the rear wheels follow the front wheels. It is usually used at medium speed.
Comparison of the four -wheel command system with the usual steering system:
-Car movement in corners is more efficient and stable.
- Better steering response and stability at high speed.
- Dramatic improvements in high speed, easy and safe changing direction of the driver.
- The risk of hitting an obstacle is greatly reduced.
Championships of the four -wheel drive
This innovative feature of the steering system makes all the wheels be steered using a single steering actuator. With the successful implementation of this feature, it is possible to develop a four-wheel power base, with maximum flexibility, tracking of the front wheels and rear wheels. The advanced 4WS system will work with the help of microprocessors. This system uses a motherboard computer to control and direct the left and right rotation of the rear wheels.
