Refining always improves the properties and uniformity of anything. When water is purified, many of its impurities and salts are removed and it becomes of higher quality. In every group and organization where purification takes place, the positive results of the work and the uniformity of the members are much more.
First of all, we must mention that the oils are purified in 2 stages to remove impurities and incompatible compounds. Remove from oil. The oil that is obtained in the first stage is known as the first purification oil, which is used in the manufacture of industrial oils and motor oil and other lubricants.
But the oil obtained from the purification of used oils and burnt oil is called the second purification oil. If this oil is collected properly and refined by modern methods, it can be used to make a quality oil again. But for reasons such as the high cost of refining used oils and, most importantly, the mixing of different types of lubricants during collection, these oils will not work well.
In a scientific conference that dealt with this topic, several major problems of these oils were discussed, as well as how to prepare and purify them, which is not done in large refineries, but in small and not very advanced refineries in our country, which can be useful to know.
One of the biggest problems that arise with these oils occurs in the first stage, i.e. the stage of collecting and storing them. Used oils or so-called burnt oil are collected from repair shops and oil change centers. In these places, usually all kinds of oils with different quality and viscosities are mixed together.
In addition, it is possible to mix special oils for diesel and gasoline cars. Most importantly, other lubricants and even greases may also be mixed with oils in these centers, because during visits to different parts of the car, excess greases are returned to the same container of burnt oil.
Vaskazins and even water may find their way into these compounds, and it has even been seen that some of these centers add diesel to their burnt oil! It is even possible that some of these liquids, which are combined and collected in one place, have opposite properties.
For example, one way to clean up the effects of high-viscosity lubricants is to use the same diesel that some oil changers add to their barrels to increase the amount of oil they burn when they sell it, and it goes undetected into the tankers of special collection vehicles. Currently, there is no way to separate these compounds from each other during purification.
One of the fluids in the composition of burnt oil is water. This liquid appears in these compounds for various reasons and can severely affect the quality of the oil. So you have to find a way to remove it. Heating is a method used in many industries to remove water from existing compounds. Heating the oil too much will cause the water in it to evaporate and leave the oil mixture. But heating the oil causes the oil to oxidize, and as a result, its side compounds, which are known as gum compounds, become more visible and effective, which will lower the lubrication properties. In fact, the oil itself inside the car engine loses its lubrication properties due to the operation and temperature increase, which causes it to need to be replaced over time. In fact, heat will reduce the viscosity to a certain extent and thus improve lubrication, but increasing the temperature will have a negative effect on the efficiency of the oil and its compounds. Used oils and burnt oils have been working inside engines and other parts of cars. One of the functions of oil is to help keep the engines clean; This means that the metal shavings, which are separated from the parts during wear, are placed in the oil to prevent them from entering other parts and staying between the parts, thus preventing them from being damaged. These parts must be separated from the burnt oils during the refining process. One of these methods is to place used oil in close proximity with concentrated mineral acids. This will cause the oil to become extremely acidic, which will be very harmful, and worst of all, there is usually no way to prevent this from happening and return the oil to its previous state, or at least it is not feasible in our country. Acidification of the oil can cause wear and corrosion in the lubrication ducts. In fact, when the oil inside the car is working for a long time, or because the car is sleeping, the oil stays in it for a long time, the oil will still become acidic, which will have a negative effect on its performance. One of the most important points that everyone pays attention to, even non-technical people, is the oil paint they use; Because the color of the oil should be clear and greenish-honey so that it does not appear abnormal in the eyes of people. The oil obtained and purified by these methods has special properties. For example, its color is not similar to other oils and you have to think about its color. So, it is passed through dyeing soil so that its dark color is transparent and yellow-green, so that it is not rejected by people at least visually. Because these oils are usually of low quality, API SA or API SB can be seen on their packaging, which indicates their low quality.
In fact, oils are classified by the API factor in terms of quality and efficiency, which started from SA and today has reached SN. Basically, the primary oils, SA and SB, were suitable for cars before the 40s and according to the American Petroleum Institute, which is abbreviated as API, their use can be because they do not have additives to the oil that increase its efficiency and quality. Damage to the engine and other parts of the car. Also, these oils may be sold as 40 and 50 mineral oils, which have high viscosity and concentration and are usually diluted with diesel in refineries! 40 and 50 oils were commonly used for old two-stroke motorcycles and are rarely used in cars today. Of course, it can be seen that these oils are used in cars that burn oil or the intensity of oil vaporization is higher in them, and the main reason for this is the high viscosity and concentration of these oils. Of course, the use of these oils in devices such as electric motors, chainsaws, old two-stroke engines, etc., whose technology and technical complexity are not high, is not prohibited. A very tempting factor for using these oils is their lower price, which is the reason for the lack of cleaning and purification operations done on them. In addition, because they have high concentration and viscosity, according to people, these oils can have better performance, which is not true. All these factors make these oils still exist in the sales market, and perhaps with beautiful packaging and even similar to original brands, they enter the sales cycle as fake oil and cause great damage to cars. These oils have high acid properties, and while the virtual additives that are added to the oils to increase the properties of de-sooting, lubrication, adhesion, resistance to vaporization and cavitation, etc., these oils do not exist and cannot perform the lubrication task well. and perform lubrication. But we have to point out a few points at the end, on the other hand, we cannot leave the burnt oils, which are considered as a national wealth, in the nature, which causes the destruction of the nature and the environment, and their waste causes the loss of precious funds. will be In addition, these oils can be transformed into high-quality oils in advanced refineries, which are qualitatively no different from the first refined oils. The use of burnt oils in the recycling cycle causes the use of crude oil to produce engine oil to decrease significantly. In addition, these oils can also be used to produce energy.