Cable is one of the tools used in the electricity industry and today's world. Cable is used in every industry and field, in the workplace or even at home. Cable has several definitions, the most common of which is the placement of several cables next to each other with a common sheath. According to human use in different industries, cable has different efficiency, which can be mentioned for signal transmission and telecommunications.
Checking the structure of the cable
Cables are made up of various components, some of which are common; But others are different. The structures that have a cable and are common are conductors and sheathed. On the other hand, some other cables have two other components, including armor and electrical protection.
Hadi
A conductor, which is also called a conductor in science, is responsible for transferring electric current. Usually, four metals such as aluminum, copper, silver and gold are used as conductors for electricity transfer. On the other hand, copper is usually the most efficient and is used in most cables, and in cases where the weight of the cable must be low, aluminum is used; Because aluminum has high electrical resistance and low weight. On the other hand, gold and silver are not used in cable design and manufacturing because of their high price.
Insulation
Insulation is generally made of polymer; Insulators are generally divided into two categories: thermoset and thermoplastic. Thermoplastic insulation, as its name suggests, is very sensitive to heat and when the temperature rises above a certain value, it changes its shape and in some cases it melts. Insulators are divided into PE, PVC and LSZH categories, of which PVC is the most widely used in the cable world. In addition, the thermostatic insulation resists heat and will not change its shape.
Introducing the most commonly used cables
Coaxial cable is one of the most used cables, which is also called coaxial in Farsi language. This cable model works for analog and digital antenna. Coaxial cable has a high resistance to noise, but due to signal loss, they use it less nowadays.
Fiber optic cable This cable model has a high cost and price. Fiber optic cable consists of a thin and narrow thread that transmits light; so that they enter from one end and exit from the other. Today, optical cable is used in equipment such as medical and military cases.
twisted pair cable This cable model is used everywhere; It is similar to a telephone cable, but each cable consists of 4 pairs of wires, each of which has a specific color. The twisted pair cable socket is similar to the telephone and all of them are RJ45.