Isogam is a type of polymer protection based on bitumen (bitumen sap) and artificial fibers, which is reinforced by mineral powders. In this article, we have examined the types of isogam in detail.
Bitumen
Undoubtedly, mineral bitumen was one of the most basic materials used to seal the residence. Iranians knew bitumen since ancient times. It has been used as a waterproof insulation due to its thermal properties, melting and adhesion. From the research, it is believed that the word bitumen was invented for the first time during the Elamite period.
In general, there are two types of bitumen. Mineral bitumen that is extracted in the form of hard lumps. By heating, they turn it into liquid bitumen. Petroleum bitumen obtained from the refining of crude oil. Nowadays, petroleum bitumen is the most used in road construction and sealing of construction structures, especially in Iran.
