Soap is used as a word for the salt of fatty acids or cosmetic-sanitary products. Soaps are also used as surfactants to emulsify oils. This action causes oils to move with the help of water. Soaps are used in catalysts, lubricants and viscosity-increasing substances.
Types of Soaps
Non-cosmetic soaps Soaps are the main components of most greases and viscosity-increasing substances. Greases are emulsions of calcium and lithium soaps. Other metal soaps such as aluminum, sodium and a mixture of them are also used. These soaps are also used to increase the viscosity of oils. In ancient times, lubricants were produced by adding lime to olive oil. Metal soaps are also used in the formulation of new oil paints to improve the rheology of these paints. Metal soaps The neutralization of pure fatty acids is used in the preparation of most heavy metal soaps: In the plastic industry, metal soaps are used in the production of PVC products, processing of plastics and polymer products including polyamides, polyethylenes, polypropylene, etc. Cosmetic soaps Soaps that are used to wash and clean hands and face include two parts: hydrophilic part and hydrophobic part. Particles and molecules of oil and fat, which are insoluble in water, are associated with the hydrophobic part of these soaps, and the hydrophilic part of the soaps forms spherical shapes around these particles. To be more precise, the hydrophilic part of soap dissolves in water and the hydrophobic part dissolves in impurities. In the next step, the hydrophilic part of the soap covers the hydrophobic molecules, and in this case, with enough water, the pollution will disappear.
