Laser cutting is a technology in which laser rays are used to cut objects; And usually this technology is used in industry. Laser cutting is done by using a laser beam from a powerful laser output on the objects that want to be cut.
What is a laser?
A part of the desired object that is cut or melted or burned or sublimated and removed from the object by gas pressure. And it creates a very high quality cut surface. Industrial laser is used in various industries such as military, construction, aerospace, medical, laboratory and research, communication, physics, chemistry, etc.
How to function laser cutting:
Laser radiation is produced by stimulating the laser generating material by an electric discharge or the radiation of a lamp in a closed chamber. By stimulating the laser generating material, the beam is reflected using pieces of mirror to obtain the necessary energy to become a coherent monochromatic light stream. A mirror or optical fiber is usually used to direct coherent light to the lens of the device. This lens is focused on the working point of the device. The narrowest part of the focused beam has a diameter of less than 0.32 mm
Types of laser cutting:
Laser cutting performed by CNC laser machines can be divided into two parts: laser cutting of metals and laser cutting of non-metals:
1) Laser cutting of non-metals: This method can be used to cut many non-metallic materials such as MDF, plexiglass, fabric, natural and artificial leather, plastic materials and some rubbers. Usually, the laser cutting machine works with a CO2 laser and it can be used to cut most non-metallic materials except mineral materials such as tiles, ceramics, glass and mirrors.
2) Laser cutting of metals:
🔹🔸 This work can be done to cut metals with various methods such as laser cutting, waterjet cutting, air cutting, plasma cutting, cutting with cutting blades, etc. Laser cutting is used in cases where the user wants to cut metals with a low thickness (usually less than 8 mm) and when the desired tolerance is low, or in other words, the cutting accuracy is high. Of course, there are laser devices that have the ability to cut steel up to a few centimeters, but due to the high purchase cost and high power consumption, their use is not common.
The benefits of laser cutting:
High accuracy: due to having a beam with a small diameter, this method has high accuracy and no other method, even waterjet, has such accuracy. In cases where it is necessary to have a small cutting gap and strict dimensional tolerances, laser cutting is the best option. Lack of production of pilasters and clean cutting surface: laser cutting in most cases produces a smooth and clean cutting edge, and at the same time, pilasters are not produced due to the lack of use of filing tools, although in cases such as aluminum laser cutting, pilasters may be produced. Lack of noise pollution: In many cutting methods, noise pollution is created due to the use of shaving tools such as blades, drills, and flames, but laser cutting is quiet and the sound is not annoying. High speed: compared to the speed of manual cutting, such as cutting wood for embroidery, embroidery for making textile products, and the like, the speed of laser cutting is much higher. In addition, compared to manual cutting, it obtains more uniform parts.
