Concrete structures are perhaps the most common type of modern structures around the world. The stages of construction and implementation of concrete structures is a specialized process that our company has a lot of experience in this field. As the name suggests, these types of structures have a concrete frame or skeleton. The beams are placed in the width and the columns are placed in the length of the frame.
Concrete used in this structure
When we talk about concrete in construction, we actually mean reinforced concrete. Its full name is reinforced cement concrete or RCC. RRC is concrete and has a series of steel bars called reinforcement or rebar. This combination works great because concrete has a very high density, is cheap and can be easily made anywhere. Also, the expansion power of steel is very, very high.
The execution of long concrete structures
In today's world, due to the progress of science and increasing human ability, it is possible to build tall structures and increase the height of buildings. Normally, tall buildings, structures for climbing floors are used using a mechanical device that people will not be able to climb. Tall structures include residential apartments, commercial and office complexes. In general, the construction of these buildings will cost a lot.
Checking the structural systems of tall buildings
Tubular structural system: The tube is a structural design system that is used in tall buildings and gives them the ability to resist lateral loads from wind and seismic pressures. gives ... The pipe system acts as a hollow cylinder and mesh perpendicular to the ground. These pipes can be made of concrete, steel or composite, in its simple form, closely spaced columns are tied together by deep spandrel beams on the exterior of the building. The rigid frame formed by this set of columns and beams results in a dense and strong structural "tube" on the exterior. Since a lateral rigid frame can resist lateral pressures, internal columns can be placed in the core and are fewer in number. The internal environment can be made resistant to gravity, in which case the ashcob can be columnless.
Core and base system: This system uses deep beams inside the reinforced concrete shaft, which increases the weight of the building. The beam helps the building's resistance against wind pressure and compresses the side forces around the building.
Braced frame: This type of system uses bracing to make the building more resistant to lateral pressures, which also strengthens beams and columns against bending. This system allows the use of cylinders along the height of the building. The easy construction and repair of this system has made it one of the best economic systems.
Rigid frame: This system is supported by columns and beams and the slabs are connected to each other by rigid joints. Rigid joints are also called fixed joints. The difference between the tubular and solid system is that this system has a long opening, while this is not the case in the tubular system.
The tall building
A high-rise building or structure is called Hi-Rise. Normally, the word high-rise is associated with another word such as residential or office. High-rise construction has become possible thanks to the invention of the elevator and cheap building materials. Reinforced concrete and steel are the materials used for the structure of tall buildings. The structure of most American style skyscrapers is made of steel, and the structure of most residential towers is not concrete.
These developments The reason for the creation of new cities, followed by the use of tall buildings in the modern way, was used as one of the solutions for urban development. The construction of tall buildings in the city space, despite the issues and problems it brings, is used today as a serious need and an important solution to minimize many urban planning issues.
Each of the experts related to the building has provided a different definition of tall buildings, which include:
From the point of view of structural engineering:
A tall building is a building in which the lateral forces of wind and earthquake are more effective and important than the vertical forces in its design and implementation.
From an architectural point of view:
It is considered a tall building whose diameter ratio is at least 14/3; In other words, the number of floors is at least ten floors.
From the point of view of fire:
It is a tall building whose upper floors are not accessible for fire engines. Therefore, in Iran, any building that is above 23 meters; It is considered a tall building.
From the point of view of social and family issues:
It is a tall order that it is difficult to monitor children's activities in the yard and open space. Therefore, the building is more than 32 meters tall. In general, the height of the building is relative and it is also related to the height of the nearby buildings. For example, a thirty-story building in cities like New York is considered a short building, while the same building is considered tall in Europe or Iran.
