Demolition of a structure is a process in which a building or any structure is destroyed. With this action, the space occupied by the structure is opened for future constructions and it is a process that is done at the beginning of the replacement of new structures with old structures. Demolition operations are generally carried out in two ways: using explosives, or using non-explosive devices and machines. Today, the density of structures and buildings in big and small cities It has reached a very high level. This is an issue that doubles the necessity of special attention to the destruction process. Because there is a possibility of damage to nearby buildings and structures in this process. This has led to the creation of a field called demolition engineering.
Why the demolition of the structure? What is the purpose?
Buildings and structures have a useful lifespan. Every building is designed and built for a specific life. When this useful life is over, the structure is no longer safe for life. The incident can also affect the security of the neighborhood. In this way, the necessity of demolishing and creating a new structure stands out.
There are many reasons for demolishing a structure. In any case, old structures must be replaced with new ones. The building may have lost its stability or suffered any type of structural damage. In this way, small structures are destroyed and larger structures are replaced. Let us start with the definition of the word destruction. The word destruction means to break down, break into pieces and remove. Demolition of the structure is the process of separating the components and destroying a structure after its useful life with pre-designed and controllable methods.
Methods of structural destruction and other structures
There are two main methods for destroying structures and destroying all types of structures:
Demolition methods without explosion
Demolition with explosion
Destroy methods without explosion
In these methods, a structure is destroyed without explosion using different equipment and devices. Each of these methods is more efficient for certain types of structures. By using some tools, little damage is done to building materials and its components. These methods are more effective when there is an intention to recover and reuse construction materials.
On the other hand, some tools cause a lot of destruction to the structure. By using these tools, it is possible to destroy the structure in a very short time. However, the structural debris and building materials in them cannot be recycled and reused in this way. In any case, methods of destruction without explosion include the following.
Damage soda
This device is a hand tool for demolishing small walls. By using this tool, the workers destroy the internal components of the structure. The use of this tool is suitable for demolishing low height structures. This method is suitable for structures whose construction materials are supposed to be reused because of the little damage it causes to the main components of building materials. This method is suitable for two to three story buildings. Among the weaknesses of this method is the very slow progress of its steps.
Bulldozer and machinery
There are large machines that are used in the demolition of small structures. They are used to pick up soil and also transfer debris to trucks and things like that.
The destructive balls
A structure higher than 6-7 floors cannot be demolished using bulldozers or demolition machines. In these cases, cranes with balls or demolition pendulums are used. The wrecking ball has a large steel wrecking ball that is suspended from a crane by steel wires. This steel ball is pulled and pushed towards the structure.
In this way, the steel ball hits the structure with force. The affected part of the structure is destroyed. This method of destruction is not recommended. Because the trajectory of the steel ball after hitting the structure cannot be controlled.
Demolition using the demolition ball must be done by highly skilled crane users. Mastery in controlling the swing of the ball is critical in this method. Because if a mistake is made and the ball does not hit the target, there is a risk of overloading the crane and its fall. The size of structures that can be destroyed using this method can be as high as the crane itself.
Tall
In the demolition of tall structures that cannot be exploded, high blasting machines are used. Structures and buildings with a very high height can be destroyed using these machines. These machines can be used for different purposes, with the help of additional equipment that is connected to them. is connected A destruction tool is added to the end of the arm. This tool is used to demolish the building from top to bottom. In this way, the machine destroys large parts of the structure, and a team of experts on the ground also separates the parts and materials. This method is considered safer than the destruction ball method and explosion methods.
When the useful life of a structure or building ends, it should simply be replaced by a new structure. For this, it is necessary to destroy the structure. Demolition of a structure is a process during which space is opened for the construction of new structures. There are different methods for destroying different structures. For example, structures with a very low height (up to 2 or 3 floors) can be demolished with a hammer and the use of human power. However, explosives must be used to destroy very tall structures. Due to the high risk and specialization of the demolition process, it is necessary to use an expert force and the demolition process of large structures must be done under the supervision of a demolition engineer.
